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UCC > IS1001 > Flashcards

IS1001 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 proto computers?

A

abacus (chinese)
antikythera mechanism (greek)
jacquard loom
automata like barrel organ

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2
Q

who developed the binary numbers

A

gottfried leibinz 1664-1716

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3
Q

who created difference enigine
analyse engine and difference engine 2

A

charles babbage

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4
Q

who was the first computer programmer, mathematician and writer?

A

ada countes of lovelace

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5
Q

who was a professor in cork?

A

george boole

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6
Q

what did george boole develope?

A

boolean algebra

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7
Q

what did george boole believe?

A

that all general questions can be expresssed mathematically

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8
Q

what did victor shestakov propose?

A

the theory of electrical switches based on the boolean logic

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9
Q

who demostrated the electrical application of boolean algebra?

A

Claude Shannon

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10
Q

what was considered the world’s first programmable, electronic, digital computer

A

colossus

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11
Q

what was developed in 1943-1945 for cryptanalysis

A

colossus

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12
Q

what did the colossus use to preform boolean and counting operations

A

vacumm tubes

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13
Q

what was the First electronic general purpose computer

A

EINIAC

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14
Q

How many calculation could the EINIAC do per second

A

50,000

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15
Q

who was the co -inventor of the transistor

A

william shockely

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16
Q

where are silicon chips found

A

in modern computers

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17
Q

silicon chip was invented by whom?

A

robert noyce anf jak kilby

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18
Q

what is moores law?

A

Moore’s Law states that the number of transistors on a microchip doubles every two years

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19
Q

personal computers appear thanks to ?

A

steve jobs and steve wozniak

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20
Q

GUI stands for?

A

Graphical user interface

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21
Q

How do computers process information?

A

binary numbers

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22
Q

8 bit is equal to?

A

1 byte

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23
Q

1 kilobyte is equal to?

A

1,024 bytes

24
Q

1 megabyt =

A

1,048,576 bytes

25
Q

1 gigabyte (GB) =

A

1,073,741,824 bytes

26
Q

1 terabyte (TB) =

A

1,000 gigabytes

27
Q

1 petabyte (PB) =

A

1,125,899,906,842,624 bytes

28
Q

boolean logic true and false = what?

A

true= 1/on
false= 0/off

29
Q

galactic network was propsed by whom?

A

licklider

30
Q

What does the Dot com bubble refer to?

A

the period between 1999-2000 when investors pumped money into internet based startups

31
Q

what does www stand for?

A

world wide web

32
Q

http means?

A

hypertext transfer protocool

33
Q

what does the http do?

A

transfers data

34
Q

IP Address is what ?

A

a unique number to identify a device on the internet

35
Q

RIR stands for?

A

regional internet registries

36
Q

range of IP address?

A

0-255

37
Q

how to you trck an IP address

A

with DNS

38
Q

DNS means?

A

doman name system

39
Q

web- server1.training.microsoft.com.
what is the root?

A

.

40
Q

web-server1.training.microsoft.com.
what is top level domain?

A

com

41
Q

web-server1.training.microsoft.com.
what is the second level domain?

A

microsoft

42
Q

web-server1.training.microsoft.com.
Fourth-level domain or host:

A

web-server1

43
Q

historical.server4.sales.amazon.com
What is the fourth level domain

A

Server

44
Q

historical.server4.sales.amazon.com
What is the subdomain of sales?

A

server4

45
Q

historical.server4.sales.amazon.com
What is the host?

A

historical

46
Q

what is spyware?

A

software installed without the user’s knowledge

47
Q

what are cookies for?

A

identify users when browsing websites

48
Q

what is an intelligent agent (IA)

A

anything which perceives its environment, takes actions autonomously in order to achieve goals, and may improve its performance
with learning or may use knowledge.

49
Q

what are the two purposes of AI?

A

1) to use the power of computers to augment human thinking
2) use a computer’s artificial intelligence to understand how humans think and replicate it in a humanoid way

50
Q

what is intelligence?

A

the ability to apply and acquire knowledge and skills

51
Q

what are 4 components of intelligence?

A
  • Ability to interact with the real world
  • Reasoning and planning
  • Learning and adaptation
  • Ability to Interact with the Real World
52
Q

what is the turning test?

A

a test for intelligence in a computer, requiring that a human being should be unable to distinguish the machine from another human being by using the replies to questions put to both.

53
Q

how many scrolls in the library of Alexandria?

A

532,000 scrolls

54
Q

what is big data?

A

a broad term for data sets so large or complex that traditional data processing applications are inadequate.”

55
Q

what are the characteristics of big data?

A

volume
velocity
variety
veracity
value

56
Q

concerns with big data?

A
  • storage and analysis
  • ethics
  • complexity and cost
  • privacy breaches and embarrassments
57
Q

what contained basic components of modern computers:central processing unit, memory, input, output

A

difference engine 1825

UCC (17 decks)

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