IR - PRELIM L3 Flashcards
It is the application of materials/methods to create, preserve, and duplicate medical images
Imaging Chain
It is a multidisciplinary field concerned with the generation, collection, duplication, and analysis of images that human eyes cannot detect
Imaging Science
What are the common modalities used in Interventional Radiology (4):
- Fluoroscopy
- Ultrasound / Ultrasonography
- Computed Tomography (CT)
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
It is the most common imaging modality used in IR which operates under continuous emission of radiation to produce an image
Fluoroscopy
In fluoroscopy, images are presented on a _______, allowing physicians to see the motion of different organs and tissues in _______
- Monitor
- Real Time
TRUE OR FALSE
Fluoroscopy helps in the determination whether surgery will be a good treatment option
TRUE
IR reduces the possibilities for _______ or ______ surgery
- Traditional
- Laparascopic
The ________ must be the one to choose the modality for IR
Doctor
Guidewires may differ in terms of _______, ______, ______, and _________
- Length
- Diameter
- Stiffness
- Coating
It is a mobile fluoroscopy imaging system used for orthopedic surgical procedures
C-Arm Machine
What are the three (3) types of Guide Wires:
- Starter Wires
- Selective Wires
- Exchange Wires
It is an area/device which helps to view, manipulate, and store acquired images with a C-arm Machine
Computer Workstation
It is a fluoroscopic imaging system that can be adjusted up to 180 degrees characterized with an x-ray source and a ____-shaped gantry
U-Arm Machine
What are the two (2) fluoroscopic machines commonly used for IR ?
- C-Arm Machine
- U-Arm Machine
Generally, ____________ are required with an image-intensified fluoroscope mounted on a C-arm or U-arm
Two Ceiling Track Mounted X-ray Tubes
(Twice-Concert-Tara-Mag-X-Tend)
It has a small target angle, a large diameter massive anode disk, and cathodes intended for magnification and serial radiography
X-ray Tube
A small focal spot of ________ is necessary for spatial resolution necessities of small vessel magnification radiography
Not Greater Than .3 mm
IR uses what kind of radiation to guide the path of small instruments ?
Ionizing Radiation
An x-ray tube operates with a capability to generate ____ - _____ kV
100 - 300 kilovolts
Only about _____ % of electron energy are converted into x-ray because x-ray can penetrate in solid substances
1 %
He is an American engineer who built the prototype of the first x-ray tube
BONUS Q: What is the name of his prototype ?
William T. Coolidge
BONUS Q ANS: Coolidge Tube
The x-ray tube for IR is much more ______, _______, and ______ compared to a conventional x-ray tube
- Advanced
- Massive
- Expensive
SID for Interventional Radiology
100 cm
OID for Interventional Radiology
BONUS Q: Based on the answer above, why is it necessary ?
40 cm
BONUS Q ANS: For IMPROVEMENT of IMAGE CONTRAST
TRUE OR FALSE
Fluoroscopy is a guaranteed low-dose imaging modality
FALSE
Fluoroscopy can result in relatively high radiation doses, especially in complex procedures
What are the two (2) notable Radiation-Related Injuries/Effects in Fluoroscopy:
- Radiation-Induced Injury to the Skin (Burns)
- Radiation-Induced Cancer
The probability of personnel exposure in IR is statistically _________
BONUS Q: Why is it statistically _______ ?
Very Small
BONUS Q ANS: Due to PROTECTIVE APPAREL
What are the protective apparel used in IR:
- Lead Apron
- Lead Thyroid Collar
- Lead Gloves
- Safety Goggles
It is the most effective personnel radiation that must be worn by all fluoroscopic personnel
Lead Apron
Lead aprons may reduce the dose received by over _____ % (specifically ____ - _____ %)
90 %
Specifically 85 % - 90 %
GOLDEN RULE FOR RADIATION MANAGEMENT IN FLUOROSCOPY
“Keep the ______ as _____ as possible by keeping the _____ as _____ as possible.”
Keep the TUBE CURRENT as LOW as possible by keeping the kVp as HIGH as possible.
It pertains to the penetrating power of x-ray which enhances image quality, and also patient dose.
Kilovoltage Peak (kVp)
The Tube Current is also known as _____
Milliampere-Seconds (mAs)
