IR - MIDTERM (Thrombolysis)

Question 1

It is a treatment used to dissolve dangerous blood clot in blood vessels, improve blood flow and prevent damage to tissues and organs

Answer 1

Thrombolysis

Question 2

Thrombolysis is also known as ________

Answer 2

Thrombolytic Therapy

Question 2

The Uses of Thrombolysis include (5):

Answer 2

1. In Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
2. In Pulmonary Embolus
3. In Stroke
4. In Heart Attack
5. In Mesenteric Ischemia

Question 2

A serious condition that occurs when a blood clot forms in a vein located deep inside the body

Answer 2

Deep Vein Thrombosis

Question 3

It is a clump of blood that has turned into a solid state

Answer 3

Blood Clot

Question 4

Deep vein blood clots typically form in the _____ or _____

Answer 4

Thigh or Lower Leg

Question 5

This pertains to a blockage in one of the arteries in the lungs due to blood clots that travel to the lungs from deep veins in the legs or rarely from veins in other parts of the body

Answer 5

Pulmonary Embolism

Question 6

It occurs when the blood supply to part of the brain is interrupted or reduced, preventing brain tissue from getting oxygen and nutrients

Answer 6

Stroke

Question 7

Brain cells begin to die in ______

Answer 7

Minutes

Question 8

Most cases of arterial thrombosis are caused when an artery is damaged by ________

Answer 8

Atherosclerosis

Question 9

These build up on the walls of the arteries which then cause arteries to harden and narrow.

Answer 9

Fatty Deposits

Question 10

Eating a ________ is considered as a risk factor for blood clot in an artery

Answer 10

High-fat Diet

Question 11

It is a medical condition in which injury to the small intestine occurs due to not enough blood supply.

Answer 11

Mesenteric Ischemia

Question 12

Sudden injury of the small intestine can be called as ______ while gradual injury to the small intestine is called _____

Answer 12

Sudden = Acute Mesenteric Ischemia

Gradual = Chronic Mesenteric Ischemia

Question 13

What are the four (4) main causes of Blood Clot:

Answer 13

1. Damage of Blood Vessels
2. Excessive Clotting Ability (Hypercoagulability)
3. Pooling of Blood (Stasis)
4. Inherited Causes

Question 14

Enumerate the three (3) Inherited Causes of Blood Clot:

Answer 14

1. Increased Level of Procoagulants
2. Decreased Level of Anticoagulants
3. Abnormal Fibrinolysis

Question 15

Diagnosis of Blood Clot may be done with what procedures / modalities (5):

Answer 15

1. Ultrasound
2. Venography
3. MRI
4. CT Scan
5. Ventilation Perfusion

Question 16

What are the two (2) ways of administrating clot-busting agents / lytics ?

Answer 16

1. Through a Peripheral IV (Systemic Thrombolysis)
2. Through a Catheter (Thin Tube) that has been navigated to the site of the clot

Question 17

It is the main risk of thrombolysis

Answer 17

Bleeding

Question 17

Approximately _____% of treated patients will have a major bleed, while the risk of bleeding in the brain is roughly ____ %

Answer 17

Major Bleed = 5 %

Bleeding in the Brain / Stroke = 1 %

Question 18

Spontaneous bleeding can also result to (5):

Answer 18

1. Blood in the Urine
2. Nosebleed
3. Bloody Stools
4. Unexpected or Unusually Heavy Vaginal Bleeding
5. Brain Bleed (Stroke)

Question 18

TRUE OR FALSE

Thrombolysis duration depends on the severity of the patient’s clot

Answer 18

TRUE

Question 19

Symptoms may be re-assessed/re-checked with the use of ________

Answer 19

Imaging Tests

Question 20

Medicines such as _____ and _____ must be taken after the procedure to

Answer 20

Heparin and Warfarin

Question 21

TRUE OR FALSE Blood clot, once subjected to Thrombolysis, will not recur anymore.

Answer 21

FALSE Recurrency of blood clot and other complications are monitored after Thrombolysis