IPS

Question 1

What are the 3 perspectives of a pathology?

Answer 1

Disease

Sickness

Illness

Question 2

What is the definition of disease?

Answer 2

• The underlying pathology
• Biologically defined in the practitioner’s perspective

Question 3

What is the definition of sickness?

Answer 3

• Social and cultural conceptions of a pathology
• Cultural beliefs and fears are involved
• A disorder considered suitable for medical treatment

Question 4

What is the definition of illness?

Answer 4

• Patient’s subjective experience of symptoms
• What brings patient to doctor

Question 5

What does burden of disease estimate and how is it expressed?

Answer 5

• The amount of loss of health

Expressed in DALY → Disability Adjusted Life Years
Has 2 components:
→ Years Of Life Lost (YLL)
→ Years Lived With Disability (YLD)

Question 6

In the social context the interpretation of disease, sickness or illness is effected by?

Answer 6

→ Cultural values
→ Social norms
→ Shared rules

Question 7

What can low health literacy lead to?

Answer 7

• Increased risk of chronic disease
• Increased risk of other diseases
• Decreased health care availability
• Poorer overall health
• Incorrect medication administration etc….

Question 8

What does the health lifestyle theory by cockerham (2005) propose?

Answer 8

• Structural variables and conditions collectively constitute a person’s life chances
• Choices and chances interact and lead to practices like alcohol or drug abuse, unhealthy diet, smoking etc…
• Neighbourhood and community have huge impact on the above for better or worse
• Social network can influence health in the same way too

Question 9

What can perceived discrimination lead to according to the health lifestyle theory?

Answer 9

→ Increased hypertension and heart disease
→ Worse overall women’s health
→ Worse overall child health
→ Worse birth outcomes

→ Leads to chronically elevated stress and reduced ability to fight diseases and reduced ability to interact with health authorities to get help

Question 10

What does DEARS in motivational interviewing stand for?

Answer 10

Develop discrepancy

Express empathy

Amplify ambivalence

Roll with resistance

Support self-efficacy

Question 11

What are examples of developing discrepancy in motivational interviewing?

Answer 11

• Scaling
• E.g. How important is X on a scale of X
• E.g. Why is it a 6 and not a 7 on that scale?
• On the one hand you say X on the other hand you wanna do Y

Question 12

What are examples of expressing empathy in motivational interviewing?

Answer 12

• Reflective listening important
• E.g. I know how difficult this must be
• E.g. This must be so hard for you

Question 13

What are examples of amplifying ambivalence in motivational interviewing?

Answer 13

• E.g. how your behaviour been a problem for you/others
• E.g. how was life before you started doing X
• E.g. what do you think will happen if you continue like this?

Question 14

What are examples of rolling with resistance in motivational interviewing?

Answer 14

• Is it okay if we talk about X?
• Is it okay if I provide you with some more information?

Question 15

What are examples of supporting self-efficacy in motivational interviewing?

Answer 15

• It seems like you put a lot of thoughts into this goal
• This plan looks really promising