IPCC Flashcards
Arktiska rådet
Medlemmar:
Danmark, Finland, Island, Norge, Sverige, Kanada, Ryssland, USA
Koalitioner:
Aleut International Association (Aleutiska folket i Rysslando ch USA), Arctic Athabaska Council (Athabasker i USA och Kanada), Gwich’in Council International (Gwich’in i USA och Kanada), Inuit Circumpolar Council (inuiter på Grönland, Kanada, USA och Ryssland), Rysslands organisation för ursprungsbefolkningar i norr, Samerådet
1972 Stockholm
The first global environment conference.
UNCHE- United Nations conference on the human environment
1975
Ratification of the RAMSAR convention (protection of wetlands). Good for water living birds who have gotten safer flyways and habitats. This convention didn’t have consensus, the mariority decided (countries didn’t get to veto)
World heritage convention (UNESCO)
CITES (convention on international trade in endangered species). New lists every year. Majority decision (not the right to veto) rather effective
1987 (the first definition of sustainable development
- The Brundtland report “our common future”
- Sustainable development
- Is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generation to meet their own need (contains 2 key concepts)
- The concepts of needs, in particular the essential needs of the world’s poor, to which overriding priority should be given
- The idea of limitations imposed by the state of technology and social organisations on the environment’s ability to meet present and future needs
1988
- IPCC (intergovernmental panel on climate change)
- First assessment report 1990 (broad data, no real background, a lot of guessing- but it started the process)
- SAR (second assessment report) 1995, a littler better but still not good. People didn’t trust it
- TAR 2001. Had more data,
- AR4 2007. Nobles peace price.
- AR5 2013-2014. A lot more data, and better than the earlier ones (around 50 000 articles to review)
- AR6 ca 2021 (might be about 80 000 articles and data point to review)
1992
- The Rio conference (COP-1: conference of the parties 1)
- The Rio declaration
- Agenda 21 (on sustainable development)
- UNFCCC (United Nations framework convention on climate change)
- CBD (convention on biological diversity)
2005
- The millennium ecosystem assessment (MA)
- Highlighting “ecosystem services” (The ways humankind benefits from ecosystems)
- Based on ecosystem approach
IPCC
Intergovernmental panel on climate change
Science driven, non political, buttom-up approach (decision/requests comes from scientists)
3 work groups:
WG1: the physical science basis (klimatologer)
WG2: impacts, adaptations and vulnerability (biologer)
WG3: mitigation of climate change (miljöekonomer)
UN conventions where the IPCC report goes into policy making
- UNFCCC
- CBD
- Decision making happens within the conventions
CBD
Convention on biological diversity.
Main objectives:
- Conservation of biological diversity
- Sustainable use of its components
- Fair and equitable sharing of benefits (native populations, and their right to natural resources)
Aichi targets (Nagoya)
5 main goals (känn till dem, men kommer förmodligen inte på tentan.)
- Awarness
- Maintenance
- Safeguarding
- Enhancing
- Capacity building.
Global taxonomy initiative (GTI)
Mission: to remove the “taxonomic impediment”
Strategy for competence building:
- Asses taxonomic needs and capacities
- Build and maintain the human resources, systems, and infrastructure needed to obtain, collate, and curate the biological specimens that are the basis for taxonomic knowledge
3 components of global warming.
◦ Climate change
◦ Land use change
◦ Environmental pollution
Climate effects
Temperature increases, precipitation increase, sea level rice
Non climate effects
CO2 enrichment, ocean acidification, N deposition, black carbon (BC) deposition (Soot).
