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MICROBIOLOGY > Ions And > Flashcards

Ions And Flashcards

1
Q

The study of interactions between atoms and molecules

A

Chemistry

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2
Q

The smallest indivisible unit of matter: interact to form molecules

A

Atom

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3
Q

Atoms are composed of

A

Nucleus
Neutrons- no electrical charge
Protons- positive charge

Electrons- negative charge
Electron cloud/ shell

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4
Q

Atoms with the same number of protons are classified as

A

The same chemical element

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5
Q

Each different chemical element has a different number of

A

Protons- positive charge

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6
Q

Atomic number aka

A

Number of protons

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7
Q

Mass number aka

A

Number of protons+number of neutrons

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8
Q

Number of neutrons=

A

Mass number-atomic number (which is number of protons)

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9
Q

Two atoms of an element that differ in the number of neutrons

A

Isotopes

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10
Q

The number of protons and electrons are

A

Equal in an atom

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11
Q

Chemical behavior is determined by

A

The distribution of electrons in the electron shells

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12
Q

Periodic table shows

A

The electron distribution

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13
Q

The number of missing or extra electrons in the outermost shell is known as

A

The valence electrons

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14
Q

Valence electrons of the combing atoms form attractive forces called

A

Chemical bonds

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15
Q

A compound is

A

A molecule that contains two or more kinds of atoms

Such as water: two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen

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16
Q

Octet rule

A

2,8,8

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17
Q

Atoms with incomplete valence shells can

A

Share or transfer valence electrons with certain other atoms

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18
Q

Held by attractions —-> staying close together

A

Chemical bonds

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19
Q

Ionic bond =

A

Electron transfer

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20
Q

atomic number

A

. of protons

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21
Q

number of neutrons

A

mass number- atomic number

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22
Q

96% of human body is made up of

A

oxygen
carbon
hydrogen
nitrogen

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23
Q

number of protons + number of neutrons=

A

atomic mass

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24
Q

electron transfer

A

ionic bond

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25
Q

positively charged ion

A

cation

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26
Q

negatively charged ion

A

anion

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27
Q

cation + anion=

A

ionic bond

28
Q

electron sharing

A

covalent bond

29
Q

do not share equally
pull towards
could have partial + partial - charge

30
Q

share equally
non pulling
no charge

31
Q

hydrogen atom covalently bonded to one electronegative atom is also attracted to another electronegative atom

A

hydrogen bond

32
Q

lacks carbon

33
Q

polar substance undergo dissociation in water, forming a solute

34
Q

what type of bond absorbs heat

A

hydrogen bond
temperature buffer

35
Q

dissolving

A

solvent
coffee

36
Q

dissolved

A

solute
sugar

37
Q

homogenous mixture made up of 2 or more substances

38
Q

water loving

A

hydrophilic

39
Q

water fearing
doesn’t interact with water
cannot hydrogen bond
non polar
non ionic

A

hydrophobic
oils/ fats

40
Q

ion lost the H atom is now (OH-)

A

hydroxide ion

41
Q

gained the H atom is now H3O+

A

hydronium ion

42
Q

substance that increases the [h+} of a solution

43
Q

has more H+ than OH-

A

acidic solution

44
Q

substance that decreases the [H+] of a solution

45
Q

equal amounts of H+ and OH-

A

neutral solution

46
Q

less H+ than OH-

A

basic solution

47
Q

resist change In the pH of a solution

48
Q

HCl—> H- + Cl-

dissociates into one of more hydrogen ions and one or more negative ions

49
Q

NaOH –> Na- +OH-

dissociates into one or more hydroxide ions and one or more positive ions

50
Q

NaCl —> Na + Cl

dissociate into cations and anions neither of which is H- or OH-

51
Q

add H+ into a solution

52
Q

potential of hydrogen

53
Q

14

54
Q

0-6

55
Q

7

56
Q

energy exits

57
Q

requires energy

A

endergonic

58
Q

a+b= AB
building

A

anabolism (synthetic)

59
Q

AB–> A+B
breaking down

A

catabolism (decomposition)

60
Q

re-organizing

NaOH HCl NaCl H2O

A

exchange (part synthesis and part decomposition)

61
Q

different order
water and heat cause change

A

reversible

62
Q

remove H2O

63
Q

Energy storage in animals
Forming barriers in cells
Form hormones in animals

64
Q

Contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen but less oxygen than carbohydrates

65
Q

Contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

A

Carbohydrates

MICROBIOLOGY (6 decks)

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