Ions

Question 1

What are Lewis Dot Diagrams?

Answer 1

Lewis Diagrams show the valence shell electrons.

You can know how many valence electrons there are based on the MAIN GROUP NUMBER

Question 2

How do you make them?

Answer 2

Write the element symbol
Determine the number of valence electrons
Draw dots around the symbol to represent valence electrons ONLY
Make sure you still follow the N,S,E,W pattern.

Question 3

Stability vs Reactivity

Answer 3

RECALL:
The noble gases are NOT REACTIVE
They are in group 18 (8A) which means they have a FULL valence shell
(He has a full valence shell with 2 electrons)
They are considered to be STABLE and have a STABLE OCTET

All of the other elements are considered reactive because they do NOT have a full valence shell.

Question 4

What is an Ion?

Answer 4

A non-neutral atom….
An atom with a charge.

Question 5

How are Ions formed?

Answer 5

All atoms “want” to be STABLE like the noble gases
They will GAIN or LOSE electrons until their valence shell is full
This makes them ISOELECTRONIC to the noble gases (same # of electrons)

Atoms are LAZY and want to move the least amount of electrons….

Would this an aluminum atom GAIN or LOSE to get to 8 electrons?

It would be easier to lose 3 electrons.

Question 6

What are positive and negative ions called?

Answer 6

A positive ion is called Cation.

A negative ion is called an anion

Question 7

Will metals and non metals, lose or gain?

Answer 7

Metals will always lose electrons and become cations

Non-metals will always gain electrons and become anions