Ionic Compounds Flashcards
Your dumb if you don't know the answers
How do atoms exist in nature?
Atoms rarely exist in isolation; they bond with atoms of the same or different elements
What is the octet rule?
Atoms in main groups tend to have 8 electrons in their valence shell, similar to noble gases
How do metals and non-metals form ions?
Metals lose valence electrons to form cations; non-metals gain electrons to form anions
What are monoatomic ions?
Ions consisting of a single atom. Elements in the same group form ions with the same charge
Define polyatomic ions
Ions composed of more than one atom, behaving as a single unit with a net charge
REVISE POLYATOMIC IONS
ON THE WORKBOOK
How do transition metals differ from Group 1, 2, and 13 metals?
Transition metals can form multiple cations with different charges
How are different cations of the same transition metal distinguished?
By using Roman numerals
What is the rule for naming ionic compounds?
The metal is named first (unchanged), followed by the non-metal with the suffix “ide”
What is the structure of ionic compounds?
They form ionic crystals with ions arranged in a lattice structure
Describe the bonding in ionic compounds
Ionic bonds are non-directional; cations attract surrounding anions equally, creating strong forces of attraction
Why do ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points?
Strong electrostatic forces of attraction require a lot of energy to break
When can ionic compounds conduct electricity?
When molten or aqueous, as ions can move freely in these states
Why are ionic compounds generally soluble in water?
Water molecules attract and pull ions out of the lattice, surrounding them
What makes some ionic compounds insoluble in water?
Strong electrostatic attractions between ions in the lattice are stronger than the ion-water associations
