Ionic bonds and covalent bonds

Question 1

Ionic bonds

Answer 1

Chemical bonds formed between electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions

Question 2

Columbus law

Answer 2

The potential energy obtained by bringing two charges that were initially far apart is directly proportional to the distance between them

Question 3

Lattice energy

Answer 3

The change in energy that occurs when an ionic solid is separated into isolated ions in the gas phase

Question 4

Ionic substances

Answer 4

High melting solids, strong bonds so high melting points

Liquid conducts an electric current

Question 5

Covalent bonds

Answer 5

Most substances are molecular

Electrons are shared. Attraction is between nuclei and electrons

Question 6

Bond length

Answer 6

The distance between the nuclei at minimum energy

Question 7

Bond dissociation energy

Answer 7

Strength of the bond

Question 8

Coordinate covalent bonds

Answer 8

When both atoms donate an electron

Question 9

Electronegativity

Answer 9

The ability of an atom in a molecule to draw electrons towards itself

Increases from left to right, decreases from top to bottom

Question 10

Polarity

Answer 10

Difference in electronegativity

Question 11

Resonance

Answer 11

More than one possible lewis structure, real shape is between the two

Metals, this is why they conduct

Question 12

Octet rule

Answer 12

CNOF can not have more than 8 electrons in their outer shell

Question 13

Formal charge

Answer 13

Sum of formal charges= the charge on the molecule

Charge from periodic table- number of electrons on atom (bonds only count as one)

1) When you can write several lewis formulas, choose the one with the lowest formal charge
2) When two proposed Lewis formulas have the same formal charge, choose the one with the negative formal charge on the more electronegative ion