Chapter 7 Flashcards
C (velocity of light)
wavelength X velocity
Mat Plank
Radiation comes in defined units called quantums
E= h V
E= energy of light
Low frequency light
Small quanta
High frequency light
Large quanta
Wavelength
Distance between 2 adjacent points on a wave h/mv
Frequency
Number of wavelengths that pass a point within a fixed unit of time
Electromagnetic spectra
Range of frequencies or wavelengths in electromagnetic radiation.
Visabal wavelength
400nm-800nm
Diffraction
When waves spread out when they encounter an object
Angular quantum number (l)
Shape of the orbital
l=0
Spherical (s)
l=1
Dumb-bell (p)
l=2
Variety of shapes (d)
Pauli exclusion principle
No two electrons can have identical sets of quantum number (3 may be the same but they would have to have different spins)
Hunds rule
Electrons are distributed among the orbitals of a a sub shell in order to yield max number of unpaired electrons
Afbau principle
Electron structure is correctly deduced by successive addition of electrons, one at a time
when writing electron configuration for charged ions
Begin with neutral atoms
Anions: Subtract electrons
Cations: Add electrons
Paramagnitism
Unpaired electrons
Dimagnetism
All electrons are paired
Principle quantum number (n)
Lower the quantum number, the smaller the energy in the atom
Magnetic quantim number (ML)
Distinguishes electrons within a subshell (-l to +l)
Spin quantum number (ms)
Two possible spins of each electron
Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle
The uncertainty in position and momentum can be no smaller than planck’s constance divided by 4
The more you know about the position, the less you know about the momentum
Momentum
Product of mass and speed of a particle
