ionic Bonds Flashcards
How do ions form?
An atom that loses one of its electrons becomes a positively charged ion. That atoms that gain the electron becomes a negatively charged ion
What is an atom or group of atoms that has an electric charge called?
Ion
What is a positive ion
When a neutral atom loses a valence electron it loses a negative charge and becomes positive
What is a negative ion
When a neutral atom gains an electron it gains a negative charge and becomes negative
Which atoms are likely to lose electrons?
Metal atoms
Which atoms are likely to gain electrons?
Nonmetal atoms
What do you call ions that are made of more than 1 atom?
Polyatomic ions
What kind of charges do polyatomic ions have?
positive or negative charges
What is the attraction between two oppositely charge ions called?
ionic bond
What is the resulting compound called in an ionic bond?
ionic compound
Describe ionic compounds
- Positive and negative charges
2. total positive charge of all the positive ions equals the total negative charge of all the negative ions
What is a group of symbols that shows the ratio or elements in a compound called?
Chemical formula
What happens when ionic compounds form?
the ions combine to balance the charges on the ions
What tells the ratio of elements in a compound?
Subscripts
How do you write the formula for an ionic compound?
Write the symbol of the positive ion and then the symbol of the negative ion, add the subscripts that are needed to balance the charges
If no subscript is written, what is the understood subscript?
1
Where does the name of ionic compounds come from?
The name of the positive ion comes first, followed by the name of the negative ion
The name of the positive ion is usually the _____
metal
What does the name change to if the negative ion is a single element?
end of the name changes to ide
What does the name change to if the negative ion is polyatomic?
the name usually ends in ate or ite
What are the properties of ionic compounds?
hard, brittle crystals form that have high melting points, they conduct an electric current when dissolved in water or melted
How do ionic compounds form solids?
By building up repeating patterns of ions
What is the name of ions that form an orderly, three-dimensional arrangement?
crystal
Describe the properties of crystals
- pattern formed is the same no matter the size of the crystal
- hard and brittle
- high melting points, takes a lot of energy
What is the flow of charged particles called?
electric current
What happens to the ionic crystals when they dissolve in water?
the ions are free to move about, a solution can conduct current
When will ions in crystals not move freely?
When the solid crystal are tightly bonded to each other, there is not current
