Covalent Bonds Flashcards
What is the chemical bond formed when 2 atoms share electrons called?
covalent bond
What type of atoms usually form covalent bonds?
Nonmetals
How do nonmetals bond to each other?
by sharing electrons
Explain how a covalent bond works
the attraction between the shared electrons and the protons in the nucleus of each atom holds the atoms together
What is a neutral group of atoms joined by covalent bonds called?
molecule
What is the size range of some molecules
from 2-thousands of atoms
How can atoms form single, double, or triple covalent bonds?
By sharing one or more pairs of electrons
What is it called when the 2 atoms share 2 pairs of electrons?
double bond
What is it called when atoms share 3 pairs of electrons?
triple bond
What is a compound that is made up of molecules called?
molecular compound
Describe molecular compounds
- usually do not conduct electric current
2. usually have lower melting and boiling points (less heat added)
Why is there no current in molecular compounds?
they do not contain charged particle that is available to move, so there is no current
Why are electrons shared unequally in covalent bonds?
atoms of some elements pull more strongly on the shared electrons than do atoms of other elements
What is it called when atoms pull equally on the electrons, neither atom becomes charged
nonpolar bond
.What is a covalent bond in which electrons are shared unequally called?
polar bond
Why are some molecules polar and others not?
- if it has a positive and negative charged end then it is polar
2.
Are polar molecules connected to each other?
Yes, opposite charges attract to each other,
What is the attractions in a polar molecule called?
Van der Waals force
Why are the properties of polar and nonpolar compounds different?
the differences in attractions between their molecules, melting and boiling points are different
