Ionic Bonding - TN Flashcards
Properties of Ionic Compounds
Solid
Crystalline
3D Lattice structure
High melting and boiling points
Good conductor of electricity (when in an aqueous solution)
Soluble in water
What are all salts called
Ionic Compounds
Why are ionic compounds soluble in water (Eg NaCl)
Hydrogen = more positive
Oxygen = more negative
so the positive atoms will be attracted to the negative oxygen and the negative atoms will be attracted to the positive hydrogen
This breaks it apart as the H2O bonds are stronger
How do you know which Element to put on the left in molecular formulae
The element on the left is always positive
Charge of Manganese (Mn)
Mn4+
Charge of Zinc (Zn)
Zn2+
Charge of Silver (Ag)
Ag+
Charge of Copper (Cu)
Cu2+
Charge of Lead (Pb)
Pb2+
Charge of Iron (Fe)
commonly Fe2+ (or 3+)
What is Ionic Bonding
the strong electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely charged ions
Structure of an Ionic Compound
Giant Ionic Lattice
What is a giant ionic lattice
Oppositely charged ions held in a regular 3D lattice by electrostatic attraction
How do you know how strong the bond is in ionic bonding
By Multiplying the ionic charges together. The higher the number the stronger the bond
What is Ionic Bonding
The electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely charged ions
why do ionic bonds have really high melt and boil points
because they have a giant ionic lattice which have very strong forces of attraction
do ionic compounds conduct electricity
only when molten or in an aqueous solution because then the ions are free to move
what is the charge of Hydroxide
-
what is the charge of ammonium
+
what is the charge of carbonate
2-
what is the charge of nitrate
-
what is the charge of sulphate
2-
How strong is the attraction in all ionic bonds so therefore how high or low is their melting point
very strong
high melting point
how is the force of attraction (and therefore melting point) affected by the charge of ions in an ionic compound
-higher charges have higher melting points because the attraction between particles is even stronger
can ionic substances conduct electricity
only whenliquid/dissolved because then the ions can move freely
