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Chemistry > Acids > Flashcards

Acids Flashcards

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1
Q

General Equation: Acid + Alkali ->

A

Metal Salt + Water

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2
Q

Metal + cold water general equation

A

metal + water -> metal hydroxide + hydrogen

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3
Q

what is the density of water

A

1g/cm3

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4
Q

Characteristics of an alkali metal

A 
Soft
Low density (floats on water)
Low melting/boiling points (melts into a ball in cold water
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5
Q

Why are the electrons in giant metallic structures delocalised

A

Because they release the electrons to form stable ions but as there is no atom ready to accept them, they remain close in a region between the ions

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6
Q

Metal + steam general equation

A

metal oxide + hydrogen

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7
Q

What is thermal decomposition

A

when heat energy is used to break down a substance

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8
Q

Difference between sodium nitrate and sodium nitrite

A

(sodium) nitrate : NaNO3

(sodium) nitrite : NaNO2

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9
Q

Name two elements that do not need extraction (native)

A

Silver and gold

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10
Q

Sentence to remember the reactivity series

A

Please stop calling my Australian zebra in language class, she grunts

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11
Q

Sentence to remember the reactivity series

A

Please stop laugh calling my Australian zebra in language class, she grunts

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12
Q

What is reduction (two ways)

A

Gain of electrons
or
removal of oxygen

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13
Q

What is oxidation (two ways)

A

loss of electrons
or
gain of oxygen

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14
Q

What is the oxidising agent

A

the substance that provides oxygen

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15
Q

what is the reducing agent

A

the substance the takes the oxygen

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16
Q

What is the Thermite Reaction

A

Iron (111) Oxide + aluminium -> aluminium oxide + iron

17
Q

What is a redox reaction

A

the simultaneous reduction and oxidation of species in a reaction

18
Q

what is rust

A

the corrosion of iron

19
Q

Methods of preventing rust

A 
sacrificial protection (coat in zinc)
chromium plating
coat in oil/grease or paint or plastic
20
Q

Chemical equation for rust

A

iron + oxygen + water -> hydrated (lll) oxide

21
Q

What is an alloy

A

compound consisting of a metal with at least one other element

22
Q

What is an acid

A

H+ ion donator/proton donor

23
Q

What is an Alkali

A

OH- ion donator and H+ ion acceptor

24
Q

Common bases

A
  • All metal oxides
  • All metal hydroxides
  • Ammonia
25
Q

What pH do metals and non-metals become when combined with oxygen and dissolved in water

A

Metals - Alkaline

Non-metals - Acidic

26
Q

What pH do all salts have

A

neutral

27
Q

Sulphuric Acid Molecular Formula and Charge

A

H2SO4 2-

28
Q

Why do silver and gold not react with acids?

A

Because they are less reactive than Hydrogen so they can’t displace it

29
Q

What is the difference between alkalis and bases?

A

alkali are soluble bases

30
Q

What is a base

A

Proton acceptors but not sources of OH- ions

31
Q

Hydrochloric Acid Molecular Formula and Charge

A

HCl -

32
Q

Nitric Acid Molecular Formula and Charge

A

HNO3 -

33
Q

Phosphoric Acid Molecular Formula and Charge

A

H3PO4 3-

34
Q

Carbonic Acid Molecular Formula and Charge

A

H2CO3 2-

35
Q

Difference between Nitrate and Nitrite

A 
Nitrate = NO3
Nitrite = NO2
36
Q

What colour compounds does Magnesium make

A

Colourless

Chemistry (30 decks)

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