Ionic bonding, metallic bonding, and structure

Question 1

What is a ion?

Answer 1

When a atom loses or gains an electron to gain a full outer shell.

Question 2

What is ionic bonding?

Answer 2

When a metal atom reacts with a non-metal atom.

Question 3

What happens in an ionic bond?

Answer 3

• The metal atoms transfer electrons to the non-metal atom.
• Metal atoms lose electrons to become positive ions.
• Non-metal atoms gain electrons to become negative ions.

Question 4

What is a giant ionic lattice?

Answer 4

When the metal atom gives the non-metal atom electrons it results in positive and negative ions. They are attracted to eachother by a strong electrostatic force of attraction.

Question 5

What are ionic properties?

Answer 5

• High melting points - Ionic substances have high melting points because the electrostatic force of attraction in strong between oppositely charged ions.
• No conductivity - Ionic substances are not able to conduct electricity because the ions are fixed in position.
• When melted and dissolved however, ionic substances carry electricity because the ions are free to move.

Question 6

Why are most metals able to conduct electricity?

Answer 6

The electrons in the outer shell of the atoms are delocalised this means they can carry the charge.

Question 7

What happens to positive metal ions?

Answer 7

The positive metal ions are then attracted to the delocalised electrons by electrostatic force of attraction.

Question 8

Why are pure metals malleable?

Answer 8

Because the layers can slide over eachother.

Question 9

Why do metals have high melting and boiling points?

Answer 9

Because the strong electrostatic force of attraction between metal ions and delocalised electrons is strong.

Question 10

What is an alloy?

Answer 10

Pure metals are often soft, adding atoms of different elements are different sizes this disturbs the regular allignment of the layers.