Ionic Bonding Flashcards
How are ions formed?
Ions are formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another
What are the simplest ions?
The simplest ions are simple atoms that have lost or gained electrons so that they’ve got a full outer shell
What holds positive and negative ions together?
Electrostatic attraction
What is a compound ion?
Compound ions are ions that are made up of a group of atoms with an overall charge
Give 5 examples of compound ions:
- Sulfate SO4 ^2-
- Hydroxide OH ^-
- Nitrate NO3 ^-
- Carbonate CO3 ^2-
- Ammonium NH4 ^+
What are ionic compounds made up of?
A positively charged part and a negatively charged part
What is the overall charge of any compound?
Zero
How do you work out the formula of an ionic compound?
You can use the charges on the individual ions present to work out the formula of an ionic compound
What is the structure of sodium chloride?
Sodium chloride has a giant ionic lattice structure
Do ionic compounds conduct electricity?
Ionic compounds conduct electricity when they’re molten or dissolved. This is because the ions are free to move and carry a charge
Why do ionic substances have high melting points?
Giant ionic lattices are held together by strong electrostatic forces. It takes a lot of energy to overcome these forces, so the melting points are very high
Do ionic compounds dissolve in water?
Ionic compounds tend to dissolve in water. Water molecules are polar - part of the molecule has a small negative charge and other parts have a small positive part. These charged parts pull ions away from the lattice, causing it to dissolve
