Ionic and Covelant bonding Flashcards
what is ionic bonding?
Ionic bonding is when atoms lose or gain electrons to form charged particles which are strongly attracted to each other
what structure does ionic compounds have?
Ionic compounds always have giant ionic lattice structures. They are closely packed in regular lattice structure and are kept together by electrostatic forces of attraction
what properties do ionic compounds have?
They have high melting and boiling points and dissolve easily in water
what is covalent bonding?
Covalent bonding is when atoms share electrons to gain a full outer shell
what are the simple molecular substances (covalent) properties?
Simple molecular substances are weak covalent bonds that have low melting and boiling points
what are the simple molecular substances (covalent)?
Simple molecular substances are weak covalent bonds that have low melting and boiling points. The substances are often gases and liquid at room temperature and don’t conduct electricity (as there are no ions as there is no electrical charge)
what are giant covalent structures?
Giant covalent structures are macromolecules they have high melting and boiling points due to the strong bonds and don’t conduct electricity (no charged ions)
what is the structure of diamond?
Diamond is carbon atoms that form four covalent bonds to make a very rigid structure it is a very hard natural substance
what is the structure of silicon dioxide?
Silica is what san is made from. Each grain of sand is one giant structure of silicon and oxygen
what is the structure of graphite?
Graphite is made of carbon atoms that only form three covalent bonds. This creates layers which are free to slide over each other so it is soft and slippery. The layers have weak intermolecular forces and therefore rub of really easily. Graphite can conduct electricity and heat as it has delocalised electrons which are free to move
