Investment Decision Flashcards

1
Q

What do capital investment projects involve?

A

Outlay of large sums of money in expectation of benefits that take several years to accrue

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2
Q

What are relevant cash flows

A

A future incremental cash flow caused by a decision

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3
Q

What is an opportunity cost?

A

Cost incurred from diverting existing resources from their best use

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4
Q

What are non-cash flows?

A

Depreciation and overheads not directly attributable to the project. Not a relevant cost

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5
Q

Materials used in projects (relevance in a replacement)

A

The replacement cost of the material is relevant if there’s a replacement. Not the historic cost

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6
Q

Materials used in projects (relevant cost)

A

Relevant is zero, unless there’s an opportunity cost from lost revenue if material sold as scrap

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7
Q

When are historical costs of materials only treated as relevant?

A

If no indication of scrap values or replacement costs are in the question

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8
Q

If labour used in a project is idle?

A

The relevant cost of using that labour is zero

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9
Q

If labour cost is at full capacity?

A

The relevant cost is wages paid + contribution lost on work they have to stop doing

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10
Q

Finance costs and relevance?

A

Should not be considered as a cash flow as they are included when discounting the project

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11
Q

Why are sunk and committed costs not included?

A

As they will be incurred no matter what

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12
Q

What is a payback period?

A

A measure of how long it takes for cash flows affected by decision to invest to repay cost of original investment

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13
Q

Issue with a project with a long payback period?

A

It is uncertain because it relies on cash flows in distant future

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14
Q

When will a company reject a project in payback period?

A

if a payback period is above company’s target payback period

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15
Q

When is payback useful?

A

if company has cash flow problems as it focuses on shorter-term investments

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16
Q

Problems with payback?

A

Ignores cash flow after end of payback period
Ignores TVM
May lead to excessive investment in short-term projects

17
Q

Other names for ROCE?

A

Called ARR and ROI

18
Q

Basis for ROCE?

A

Compares the profit from an investment project to the amount invested in the project

19
Q

When company accepts project under ROCE?

A

If ROCE is above company’s target

20
Q

Advantages of ROCE

A

Quick and simple
Easy comparison

21
Q

Disadvantages of ROCE

A

Based on accounting profits
Takes no account on size of investment as relative
Ignores TVM

22
Q

Why is DCF important?

A

Many projects involve investing money now and receiving returns in many different time periods in the future

23
Q

What is a present value?

A

Cash equivalent of money received/paid in the future

24
Q

What is the discount factor?

A

Reflects investor’s required return and timing of future cash flow

25
What is an annuity
A project that involves equal cash flows
26
Another name for annuities?
Equal annual cash flows
27
What is perpetuity?
An annuity that occurs for the foreseeable future (e.g. no end date)
28
What is a delayed annuity?
When first cash flow in an annuity is not received from time 1
29
When can growing perpetuity be provided?
When cash flows have no end date and is growing at a constant rate