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Endocrine > Investigations endocrine > Flashcards

Investigations endocrine Flashcards

1
Q

How to measure testosterone

A

Have to measure SHBG - sex hormone binding globulin

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2
Q

How to measure hormones assess balance negtaive feedback system

A

Measure simultaneous trophic and primary hormones - ACTH, TSH, FSH/LH

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3
Q

Tests for cushings

A

Midnight cortisol - high
Dexamethasone supression test
24 urine cortisol tests

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4
Q

Acromegaly investigation tests

A

IGF-1 + OGTT
Monring IF GH level

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5
Q

Thyrotoxicosis measurement

A

T3+T4

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6
Q

Phaeochromocytoma investigaiton

A

Plasma and urine catecholamine levels

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7
Q

Hyperparathyroidism investigations

A

Sim plasma calcium and PTH hormone levels

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8
Q

Addisons investigations

A

Cortisol + synacthen stimulation test
Measure cortisol at 9am (max)

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9
Q

GH defiency investigation

A

GH levels + stress stimulation eg exercise

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10
Q

Hypogonadism investigations

A

End organ hormones and trohic - LH/FSH
Testosterone 9-10am
Ostrogen, progesterone - cycle dependent

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11
Q

Diabetes insipidus investigation

A

ADH insuffieicency - water deprication test or hypertonic sodium chloride infusion test

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12
Q

Low ACTH casues

A

Secndary
Adrenal excess/exogenous steroids

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13
Q

High ACTH causes

A

Secondary
Pituitary excess/ectopic secretion, adrenal gland failure

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14
Q

Low 9am cortisol causes

A

Primary - adrenal/pituitary insufficiency or exogenous steroids
High 12mn cortisol = adrenal/pituitary excess or ectopic secretion

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15
Q

What hormones does pituitary produce

A
  • pituitary → systemic circulation
  • TSH → thyroid gand
  • ACTH → adrenal cortex → corticosteroids
  • Gonadotrophins → gonads
  • Prolactin → breast tissue
  • Growth hormone → bone and muscle growth
  • MSH → dermatocytes
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16
Q

Vascular signalling originates from what part of pituitary

17
Q

Neural signalling originates from what part of pituitary

18
Q

Supply to the pituiatry

A

Internal carotid

19
Q

When does cortisol peak and when at lowest

A

Peak - 9am
lowest at midnight

20
Q

What substances positively feedback for CRH on the hypothalmus

A

Serotonin, gluatamate, histmaine, catecholamines

21
Q

What -> negative feedback on hypothalamus

A

Cortiosl
GABA

22
Q

What happens in the follicuar phase

A

Oestrogen surge -> LH release

23
Q

What happens in the mid luteal phase

A

LH pulses -> progesterone release

24
Q

What inhibits GnRH secretion from hypothalamus

26
Q

Role of FSH and LH in men

A

FSH -> spermatogenesis
LH -> testosterone production

27
Q

FSH and LH role in women

A

FSH -> follicle development
LH -> ovulation

28
Q

Testosterone effet on hypothalamus

Endocrine (17 decks)

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