Endocrine random Flashcards

1
Q

3 stages of post partum thyroiditis

A

Thyrotoxicosis -> rebound hypothyrodiism -> normal function
High recurrence rat e

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2
Q

First line for PP thyroiditis

A

Propanolol

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3
Q

Features of PP thyroiditis

A
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4
Q

Upper quadrant visual degect cause

A

Inf chiasmal compression - pituitary tumour

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5
Q

Lower quadrant visual defect cause

A

Sup chiasm
Craniopharyngioma

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6
Q

Antibodies in PP thyroiditis

A

TPO antibodies

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7
Q

What patients is teriatry PTH classically seen in

A

Dialysis patients

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8
Q

What does PTH do to phosphate

A

Decrease absorption - phophate binds calcium and PTH wants to increase it so PTH gets rid of phosphate so more free calcium

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9
Q

Primary vs secondary hyperPTH phosphate level and calcium

A

Phosphate is high in secondary, low in primary
Calcium high in primary, normla or low in secondary, high in tertiary

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10
Q

Managemet of post fragility fracture for post menopausal women and >50men

A

Immediate bisphophonate and vit D
No need for DEXA scan first, most likely to have another fragility fracture straight after
Need to give with supplements otherwise initally bisphophonates make levels worse

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11
Q

What eGFR is bisphosphonates CI in

A

<35

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12
Q

What treat prolactinaemia with

A

Bromocriptine - doapmine agonsists

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13
Q

Pulmonary fibrosis drugs - my nose definitely breathes bad air

A

methrotrxate
Nitro
Bleomycin
Busulfan
Amiodarone

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14
Q

Features of adrenal crisis

A

Metabolic acidosis - secrete H+ in place of K+
Hyponatremia
Hyperkalemia
Shock features
Hypoglycaemia

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15
Q

Aldosterone

A

Absorb water with sodium

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16
Q

Why steroids addisons

A

Supress ACTH release - adrenal glands atrophy - no cortiso produced

17
Q

Addisonian crisis treatment

A

IV 100mg hydrocortisone

18
Q

What lung cancer can cause hypercalcemia

A

Squamous cell carcinomas - secrete PTH

19
Q

What malignancy are SIADH and ACTH syndromes seen in

A

Small cell lung cancers

20
Q

Lung causes hypercalcemia

A

Squamous carcinoma
Sarcoidosis
THiazine diuretics - hyperGLUC - glycaemia, lipidaemia, uricaemia, calcaemia - indapamide
loops - hypocalcemia

21
Q

What electrolyte imbalance can thyroidectomy cause

A

Hypocalcemia

22
Q

Hypocalcemia features

A

Abdo cramps
Peri-oral paraesthetis - tingling lips
Tetany
Trousseas sing - BP cuff twitching hand
Chvosteks - cheek twitch
Excitement of nerves
QTc prolongation on ECG - contracts for longer

23
Q

Hypercalcemia features

A

Leg weakness
Dmapens
ECG QTc shortening - dampened contraction

24
Q

Causes of hypocalcemia

A

Hypomagnesiumia - PTH resistance
Severe pancreatitis, rhabdomyolysis

25
Q

How can lithium effect thyroid

A

Hyothyrodisim long term use
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

26
Q

What causes DInsipidus

A

Lack of ADH - hypernatremia in blood, low osmolality of urin and high volume of urine
Causes - renal disease, demeecycline now tolvaptan
Differentials
Glucose to rule out DM
Binge drinking

27
Q

SIADH drugs

A

cnat concentrate serum sodium
Carbamazephine, cyclophosphmide, SSRIs

28
Q
A