Invertebrates - Lophotrochozoa

Question 1

Lophotrochozoa

Answer 1

mollusca, annelids, platyhelminthes

Question 2

platyhelminthes

Answer 2

flatworms

Question 3

flatworms

Answer 3

dorsally flattened acoelomate (no body cavity)
gastrovascular cavity throughout body
flat body increases surface area

Question 4

flatworm types

Answer 4

planarians
trematodes
tapeworms

Question 5

planarians

Answer 5

fresh water
small animals or dead organisms for food
eyespots
more centralized nervous system
hermaphrodites/fission

Question 6

Trematodes

Answer 6

parasitic
diverse hosts
intermediate host
asexual and sexual stages (complicated life cycles)

Question 7

Tapeworms

Answer 7

vertebrate parasites
absorb nutrient from intestine
scolex at anterior end w suckers
proglottids have sex organs and eggs, leave thru feces

Question 8

Mollusc Types

Answer 8

gastropods
bivalves
cephalopods

Question 9

Molluscs

Answer 9

coelem and hemocoel
separate sexes and some hermaphrodites
foot - movement
visceral mass - most organs
mantle - fold of tissue that secretes shell
radula - scrap up food

Question 10

Gastropods

Answer 10

snail and slugs
3/4 of molluscs
most marine
most herbivores but some have modified radula for prey
lining of mantle cavity for gas exchange if terrestrial slug

Question 11

Bivalves

Answer 11

oysters, clams, mussels, scallop
adductor muscles bring together two hinged halves of shell
suspension feeders (no radula)
incurrent and excurrent siphons
sedentary/little mobility

Question 12

freshwater bivalves and terrestrial gastropods =

Answer 12

most threatened species

Question 13

cephalopods

Answer 13

octopuses, squids, cuttlefish, and nautiluses
active marine predators
beak like jaws surrounded by predators
immobilize prey w poison in saliva
foot to excurrent siphon
well-developed sense organs and brain

Question 14

octopi and squid

Answer 14

both release ink
both have muscle controlled chromatophores
squid have 8 arms and 2 longer tentacles w teeth
giant and colossal squid largest invertebrates on earth
octopi = 8 arms
most octopi are likely venomous
octopi have well developed brains

Question 15

Annelida

Answer 15

segmented worms
coelom (no hemocoel)
two clades: errantia and sedentarians

Question 16

errantia

Answer 16

mostly marine
mobile swimmers, crawlers, burrowers
parapodia (feet)
chaetae/saetae - on each parapodium

Question 17

sedentarians

Answer 17

less mobile
earthworms and leeches

Question 18

earthworms

Answer 18

eat through soil
hermaphrodites
cross-fertilize, join in opposite directions to exchange sperm

Question 19

leeches

Answer 19

fresh water
terrestrial species live in moist vegetation
predators of invertebrates
blood-sucking parasites of vertebrates

Question 20

Glacier

Answer 20

generally this area = worm free
glacier went away, worms went up
most are introduced species