Biotech and plant transport

Question 1

Green Revolution

Answer 1

period after WWII where people started inventing more advanced ways of growing crops

Question 2

other countries

Answer 2

have passed on efficiencies to other countries

Question 3

hybrid seeds

Answer 3

developed by norman Bourbug
crossing varieties together in the 40s and 50s

Question 4

continued research

Answer 4

resistance to disease, pests, climatic stresses

Question 5

pro to more efficient crops
con to more efficient crops

Answer 5

pro: more production per plant
con: needs more input (less adapted to environment

Question 6

How New Varieties are Created?

Answer 6

crossbreeding
GMOs

Question 7

crossbreeding

Answer 7

taking desired traits from one variety and breeding it w another
takes a long time
created many new varieties

Question 8

Genetically Modified Organisms

Answer 8

removing genetic material from one organism and putting it into another so that they express the desired trait
takes much less time
can use DNA from any organism into a different kingdom

Question 9

GMO names

Answer 9

HT = herbicide tolerant varieties
Bt = insect resistant varieties

Question 10

GMO Debate

Answer 10

India and Europe have moratoriums(suspensions on GMOs)
US growing GMO for 25 yrs
asking for GMOs to benefit population
others have regulations

Question 11

GMO advantages

Answer 11

increase in food production
toxin in corn to eliminate insect harm
less pesticides
high nutrition content
saves time
keeps marginal land from being used
(little to no harmful health affects on humans/animals)

Question 12

GMO disadvantages

Answer 12

some adverse affects on animals (8%)
long term affects?
development of superweeds and superpests
agribusiness and patents on life
unknown ab our food
messing w genetics
labeling not required
loss of biodiversity in fields

Question 13

Plant transport

Question 14

Trees:

Answer 14

nutrients in soil used
acts as carbon sink
phloem sends nutrients into the soil

Question 15

Water:

Answer 15

enters thru the root, exits thru the leaves

Question 16

root hairs

Answer 16

absorb water

Question 17

apoplastic

Answer 17

space between cell membranes, water diffuses into plant

Question 18

symplastic

Answer 18

interconnected cytoplasm of cells, water moves between cells

Question 19

transmembrane roots

Answer 19

proteins in membrane that allow water to pass thru

Question 20

aquaporins

Answer 20

proteins that allow for pumping of water and nutrients
symplastic route

Question 21

endodermis

Answer 21

water flows across the barrier to get to xylem

Question 22

tracheid and vessel elements of xylem

Answer 22

xylem cells that conduct water and minerals

Question 23

bulk flow

Answer 23

rapid movement of water thru plant

Question 24

cohesion tension hypothesis

Answer 24

water molecules are attached to each other and get pulled together
adhesion to sides of xylem

Question 25

stomata

Answer 25

water leaves thru stomata

Question 26

transpiration

Answer 26

the process of water leaving the plant

Question 27

Sugar transport

Answer 27

conducted in phloem

Question 28

phloem sap

Answer 28

aqueous solution high in sucrose

Question 29

in angiosperms, phloem sap...

Answer 29

travels from a sugar source to a sugar sink thru sieve tube elements

Question 30

sugar source

Answer 30

organ that is net producer of sugar (leaves)

Question 31

sugar sink

Answer 31

net consumer of sugar (roots, buds, fruits)