Introduction to the skeleton

Question 1

What important landmarks does the axial skeleton contain bones in and how many bones are there in the axial skeleton?

Answer 1

1. skull
2. ossicles
3. hyoid bone
4. rib cage
5. vertebral column

There are 80 bones in the axial skeleton

Question 2

What important landmarks does the appendicular skeleton contain bones in and how many bones are there in the appendicular skeleton?

Answer 2

1. shoulder girdle
2. arm
3. hands
4. leg
5. foot
6. pelvic girdle

There are 126 bones in the appendicular skeleton.

Question 3

What is the function of the appendicular skeleton

Answer 3

• It creates a framework for the attachment of the limb muscles
• It helps our skeleton to move.

Question 4

What are the bones of the upper limb

Answer 4

• Clavicle
• Humerus
• Radius
• Ulna
• Carpal bones (8)
• Metacarpal bones (5)
• Phalanges (14)

Question 4

What does the pectoral girdle consist of?

Answer 4

• Clavicle
• Scapula
• Acromioclavicular joint
• sternoclavicular joint
• Glenohumeral joint
• Humerus

Question 5

What are the bones of the lower limb?

Answer 5

• Femur
• Patella
• Tibia
• Fibula
• Tarsal bones (8)
• Metatarsals (5)
• Phalanges (14)

Question 6

Answer 6

Question 7

Answer 7

Question 8

What does the alveolar process landmark on the skull mean?

Answer 8

• Alveoli refers to sockets
• Alveolar process forms the sockets for the upper teeth
• Alveolar process forms the sockets for the lower teeth
• Alveolar process is made up of compact bone and is crucial for maintaining the stability and alignment of the teeth.

Question 9

Answer 9

Question 10

Answer 10

Question 11

What is the fuction of the hyoid bone?

Answer 11

• The hyoid bone provides an attachment surface for muscles and ligaments.
• That stabilise and move the tongue and larynx.

Question 12

Tell me the number of bones in the skull and name how many of each.

Answer 12

• The skull can be split into the cranium and the face.

8 cranial bones and 14 facial bones; in the cranium you only have “2” that have 2 and in the facial you only have “2” that are 1.
* In the cranium:
* Occipital (1), Parietal (2), Frontal bones (1), Temporal bones (2), Sphenoid (1), Ethmoid (1)

• In the face:
  * Maxillae (2), Palatine bones (2), Nasal bones (2), Inferior nasal conchae (2), Zygomatic bones (2), Lacrimal bones (2), Vomer (1), Mandible (1)
• The skull also has some assosciated bones: It has six auditory ossicles in temporal bones; it also has one hyoid bone.

Question 13

How many facial bones are there? And can you point to the important landmarks?

Answer 13

• There are 14 facial bones.

Question 14

What is the only bone in the body that does not directly articulate with another?

Answer 14

The hyoid bone

Question 15

The body of the sternum extends across which vertebral levels?

Answer 15

• T5 to T9
• The manubrium is triangle shaped and located at the T3/4 level.
• The body is longer and narrower than the manubrium and extends from T5 to T9.