Introduction To The Biochemical Genetics Of Neoplasia

Question 0

Benign cells

Answer 0

No control over proliferation
Have control over position
Have control over differentiation

Question 1

Common characteristics of cancers

Answer 1

New growth-> neoplasia
Development of cellular Polymorphisms-> anaplasia
Disturbance of cellular arrangements
Invasion of adjacent tissue
Metastasis-> cell heterotopia-> whole body disease

Question 2

Malignant cells

Answer 2

No control over anything

Infinite life

Question 3

Normal development

Answer 3

Control gene activated during differentiation->
mRNA->
Control protiens->
Inhibit fetal gene expression and activate adult genes

Question 4

Cancer implications of normal development

Answer 4

Genes switched off-> may be reactivated-> oncogenes
Genes switched on-> may be switched off-< tumour supressors/antioncogenes
The genes that used to regulate them are switched off-> no control
May be caused by mutation
Any mutagen can be a carcinogen
Chromosome rearrangements also

Question 5

Stages of tumour formation

Answer 5

Target cell normal-> virus! radiation, chemicals, inherited mutation, spontaneous mutation->
Initiated cell-> other mutagenic chances, immune suppression->
Clones of initiated cells->more mutagenic effects and immune suppression->
Tumour cell formation->time->
Primary tumour formation-> time,acquisition of other properties other mutagenic effects->
Metastatic tumour formation