Introduction to the Anatomy of the Lungs

Question 1

What are the Functions of the Respiratory system?

Answer 1

Gas exchange
Acid - base balance
Protection from infection
communication via speech

Question 2

What is gas exchange for?

Answer 2

Acquiring oxygen

Removing carbon dioxide

Question 3

What kind of blood do pulmonary arteries carry?

Answer 3

Deoxygenated

Question 4

What kind of blood do pulmonary veins carry?

Answer 4

Oxygenated

Question 5

What kind of blood do systemic arteries carry?

Answer 5

Oxygenated

Question 6

What kind of blood do systemic veins carry?

Answer 6

Deoxygenated

Question 7

What is the normal breathing rate at rest?

Answer 7

10-20 breaths/min

Question 8

What is the maximum breathing rate at maximum exercise?

Answer 8

40-45 breaths/min

Question 9

What structures make up the upper respiratory tract?

Answer 9

Pharynx
Larynx
Vocal cords

Question 10

What structures make up the lower respiratory tract?

Answer 10

Trachea

Lungs

Question 11

From larges diameter to smallest what are the divisions of the airways?

Answer 11

Trachea
Primary bronchus 
Secondary bronchus
Bronchiole
Aliveoli

Question 12

What unique structure does the larger airways have to maintain patency?

Answer 12

C-shaped cartilage

Question 13

At what point does gas exchange take place?

Answer 13

Alveoli

Question 14

What are the cells of the alveoli?

Answer 14

Type I cells
Type II cells
Alveolar macrophages

Question 15

Which cells produce surfactant?

Answer 15

Type II alveolar cells