Introduction to Surveillance Flashcards
What is public health surveillance?
What are the public health surveillance keywords?
What is the goal of public health surveillance?
C
B
What are the uses of public health surveillance? (7)
Give examples of public health headlines:
Identify the surveillance uses that cane linked to the New York Times E. coli article.
A. Measure trends of a particular disease
B. Estimate the magnitude of the problem
C. Monitor changes in infectious and environmental agents
D. Assess effectiveness of programs and control measures
E. All of the above
E
What are examples of legal authority for conducting public health surveillance? (2)
What are some State-based notifiable disease surveillance systems? (5)
C
A
What is the difference between passive surveillance and active surveillance? (3 x 3)
What is sentinel surveillance?
Reporting of health events by health professionals who are selected to represent a geographic area or a specific reporting group.
What is syndromic surveillance?
Focuses on more or more symptoms rather than a physician-diagnosed or laboratory-confirmed disease.
Surveillance system attributes:
Attribute: usefulness
Question it answers:
How useful is the system in accomplishing its objectives?
Surveillance system attributes:
Attribute: data quality
Question it answers:
How reliable are the available data? How complete and accurate are data fields in the reports received by the system?
Surveillance system attributes:
Attribute: timeliness
Question it answers:
How quickly are reports received?
Surveillance system attributes:
Attribute: flexibility
Question it answers:
How quickly can the system adapt to changes?
Surveillance system attributes:
Attribute: simplicity
Question it answers:
How easy is the system’s operation?
Surveillance system attributes:
Attribute: stability
Question it answers:
Does the surveillance system work well? Does it break down often?
Surveillance system attributes:
Attribute: sensitivity
Question it answers:
How well does it capture the intended cases?
Surveillance system attributes:
Attribute: predictive value positive
Question it answers:
How many of the reported cases meet the case definition?
Surveillance system attributes:
Attribute: representativeness
Question it answers:
How good is the system at representing the population under surveillance?
Surveillance system attributes:
Attribute: acceptability
Question it answers:
How easy is the system’s operation?
B
Before collecting data, decide on the overarching goal of the system.
What is the surveillance process? (5)
- Data collection
- Data analysis
- Data interpretation
- Data dissemination
- Link to action
What are data sources for public health surveillance? (5)
- Reported diseases or syndromes
- Electronic health records
- Vital records
- Registries
- Surveys
What is the NNDSS?
Nationally Notifiable Disease Surveillance System - many diseases on a state list are also nationally notifiable.
What are internally notifiable diseases? (4)
Reporting ti WHO is required for cases of:
- smallpox
- poliomyelitis
- human influenza caused by any new subtype
- severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)
What are the questions we need to ask when analysing data? (3)
How is data interpretation coupled with?
It is closely coupled with data analysis.
How is data disseminated? (4)
What are the data dissemination target audiences? (5)
What is the surveillance link to action?
Public health surveillance should always have a link to action.
Examples of surveillance links to action:
B
C
C
What are the features of public health surveillance-based action? (5)
