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Ncm 120 > Introduction To Occupational Safety And Health > Flashcards

Introduction To Occupational Safety And Health Flashcards

1
Q

is vital for protecting workers and ensuring productive workplaces.

A

Occupational Safety and Health (OSH)

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2
Q

Preventing workplace accidents, injuries, and fatalities through risk assessment and control measures.

A

Safety

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3
Q

Promoting worker well-being by addressing
occupational diseases, ergonomics, and mental health.

A

Health

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4
Q

Integrating safety and health practices into all aspects of work processes and environments.

A

Holistic Approach

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5
Q

THE IMPORTANCE OF OSH IN PHILIPPINE
WORKPLACE

A
  1. Workplace Protection
  2. Legal Compliance
  3. Productivity Boost
  4. Reputation Management
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6
Q

Safeguards employees from workplace hazards,
reducing injuries and illnesses.

A

Worker Protection

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7
Q

Ensures adherence to Philippine labor laws and
international OSH standards.

A

Legal Compliance

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8
Q

Enhances workplace efficiency by minimizing
disruptions caused by accidents or health issues.

A

Productivity Boost

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9
Q

Improves company image, attracting skilled workers and fostering positive public perception.

A

Reputation Management

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10
Q

EARLY DEVELOPMENTS IN PHILIPPINE OSH

A
  • 1903: First Labor Law
  • 1936: Commonwealth Act No. 103
  • 1957: RA 1054
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11
Q

The Philippines introduces its first labor law under American colonial rule.

A

1903: First Labor Law

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12
Q

Establishes the Court of Industrial Relations,
addressing labor disputes and safety concerns.

A

1936: Commonwealth Act No. 103

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13
Q

Creates the Institute of Occupational Health
and Safety, pioneering OSH research.

A

1957: RA 1054

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14
Q

OSH MILESTONES IN POST-INDEPENDENCE
PHILIPPINES

A
  • 1974: Labor Code
  • 1978: Occupational Safety and Health Standards
  • 1987: Philippine Constitution
  • 2018: RA 11058
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15
Q

Comprehensive labor law incorporating OSH
provisions is enacted.

A

1974: Labor Code

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16
Q

DOLE issues detailed OSH guidelines for various
industries.

A

1978: Occupational Safety and Health Standards

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17
Q

Enshrines workers’ rights to safe and healthy
working conditions.

A

1987: Philippine Constitution

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18
Q

Strengthens compliance with OSH standards
across all industries.

A

2018: RA 11058

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19
Q

Key Players in Philippine OSH

A
  • DOLE
  • Employers
  • Employees
  • OSHC
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20
Q

oversees OSH policy implementation.

A

DOLE

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21
Q

Responsible for maintaining safe workplaces
and providing OSH training.

A

Employers

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22
Q

Participate in OSH programs and report
workplace hazards.

A

Employees

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23
Q

conducts research and training.

A

OSHC (Occupational Safety and Health Center)

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24
Q

Current OSH Challenges in the Philippines

A
  • Informal Sector
  • Emerging Risk
  • Enforcement
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25
Q

Ensuring OSH compliance in unregulated
workplaces remains difficult. Many workers lack
proper protection.

A

Informal Sector

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26
Q

New technologies and work arrangements
introduce unforeseen hazards. Continuous
adaptation is crucial.

A

Emerging Risks

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27
Q

Limited resources hinder thorough inspections
and implementation. Strengthening
mechanisms is necessary.

A

Enforcement

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28
Q

Signed into law in 1974, establishing
fundamental labor rights and regulations

A

ENACTMENT of Presidential Decree No. 442: Labor Code of the Philippines

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29
Q

Governs employment relationships, working
conditions, and labor dispute resolution.
establishments with specific criteria.

A

COVERAGE of Presidential Decree No. 442: Labor Code of the Philippines

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30
Q

Regularly updated to address evolving labor
market needs and international standards.

A

AMENDMENTS of Presidential Decree No. 442: Labor Code of the Philippines

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31
Q

Key Provisions of the Labor Code

A
  • Employment Standards
  • Labor Relations
  • Social Welfare
  • Dispute Resolution
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32
Q

Regulates working hours, wages, and leave
benefits for employees.

A

Employment Standards

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33
Q

Outlines rules for unionization, collective
bargaining, and strike procedures.
Enforcement

A

Labor Relations

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34
Q

Mandates social security, health insurance, and
other worker protections.

A

Social Welfare

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35
Q

Establishes mechanisms for settling labor-
management conflicts fairly and efficiently.

A

Dispute Resolution

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36
Q

Signed into law in 2018, strengthening
workplace safety regulations.

A

ENACTMENT of RA 11058: Occupational Safety and Health Standards Act

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37
Q

Covers all establishments, projects, sites, and
workplaces in all branches of economic activity.

A

SCOPE of RA 11058: Occupational Safety and Health Standards Act

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38
Q

Empowers DOLE to conduct inspections and
impose penalties for violations.

A

ENFORCEMENT of RA 11058: Occupational Safety and Health Standards Act

39
Q

Aims to reduce work-related accidents and
promote a culture of safety.

A

IMPACT of RA 11058: Occupational Safety and Health Standards Act

40
Q

Key Provisions of RA 11058

A

 Workers must be informed about workplace
hazards and safety measures.
 Requires appointment of safety officers in
establishments with specific criteria.
 Mandates regular safety and health training for
workers.
 Establishes a system for reporting work-related
injuries and illnesses.

41
Q

ROLE OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR AND EMPLOYMENT (DOLE)

A
  • Policy Formulation
  • Enforcement
  • Mediation
  • Research
42
Q

Develops and implements national labor and
employment policies.

A

Policy Formulation

43
Q

Ensures compliance with labor laws through
inspections and dispute resolution.

A

Enforcement

44
Q

Facilitates settlement of labor disputes between
employers and employees.

A

Mediation

45
Q

Conducts studies on labor market trends and
recommends policy improvements

A

Research

46
Q

play a crucial role in safeguarding the well-being of workers across industries in the Philippines.

A

OSH standards and regulations

47
Q

Key Components of General OSH Standards

A
  • Personal Protective Equipment
  • Emergency Preparedness
  • Hazard Communication
  • Health Monitoring
48
Q

Guidelines for the appropriate selection, use,
and maintenance of PPE across various
industries to safeguard workers from job-
related hazards and risks.

A

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

49
Q

Requirements for establishing emergency
response plans, evacuation procedures, and
regular drills to help organizations effectively
handle potential workplace crises and
emergencies.

A

Emergency Preparedness

50
Q

Standards for the proper labeling of hazardous
materials and substances, the availability of
safety data sheets, and the provision of
employee training to enhance their
understanding of workplace hazards.

A

Hazard Communication

51
Q

Protocols for regular health check-ups, medical
surveillance, and the maintenance of
comprehensive employee health records to
proactively address any health concerns arising
from work-related activities.

A

Health Monitoring

52
Q

Workplace Environment Standards

A
  • Indoor Air Quality
  • Noise Control
  • Ergonomics
53
Q

Regulations on ventilation systems, air
filtration, and monitoring of indoor air
pollutants to ensure a healthy breathing
environment for workers

A

Indoor Air Quality

54
Q

Examples of Indoor Air Quality

A
  • Regular air quality assessments
  • Proper ventilation maintenance
  • Control of airborne contaminants
55
Q
  • Standards for acceptable noise levels, hearing
    protection requirements, and implementation
    of noise reduction measures in noisy work
    environments.
A

Noise Control

56
Q

Examples of Noise Control

A

 Noise level monitoring
 Hearing conservation programs
 Engineering controls for noise reduction

57
Q
  • Guidelines for workstation design, proper
    posture, and equipment usage to prevent
    musculoskeletal disorders and promote worker
    comfort.
A

Ergonomics

58
Q

Examples of Ergonomics

A

 Ergonomic assessments
 Adjustable furniture and equipment
 Training on proper ergonomic practices

59
Q

Industry-Specific OSH Standards: Healthcare Sector

A
  • Infection Control Protocols
  • Sharps Safety
  • Patient Handling
  • Radiation Safety
60
Q

Stringent guidelines for hand hygiene, personal
protective equipment usage, and proper
disposal of contaminated materials to prevent
the spread of infections in healthcare settings.

A

Infection Control Protocols

61
Q

Specific regulations on the handling, use, and
disposal of needles and other sharp objects to minimize the risk of needlestick injuries and
bloodborne pathogen exposure.

A

Sharps Safety

62
Q

 Standards for safe patient lifting and transfer
techniques, including the use of assistive
devices, to prevent musculoskeletal injuries
among healthcare workers.

A

Patient Handling

63
Q

 Protocols for the safe use of diagnostic imaging
equipment, proper shielding, and monitoring of
radiation exposure levels for healthcare
professionals working with radiological devices.

A

Radiation Safety

64
Q

Types of Hazards to Filipino Nurses

A
  • Biological Hazard
  • Chemical
  • Ergonomic
  • Psychological
65
Q
  • Proper PPE use, vaccination requirements, and
    regular training help nurses stay safe from
    infectious diseases.
A

Biological Hazards

66
Q
  • Safe medication handling, ventilation, and
    specialized equipment protect nurses from
    harmful chemicals.
A

Chemical Hazards

67
Q
  • Safe patient handling techniques and
    ergonomic equipment reduce the risk of
    musculoskeletal injuries.
A

Ergonomic Hazards

68
Q
  • Stress management, violence prevention, and
    employee assistance programs address the
    mental health needs of nurses.
A

Psychological Hazards

69
Q

Industry-Specific OSH Standards: Construction Sector

A
  • Fall Protection
  • Scaffolding Safety
  • Heavy Machinery Operation
  • Excavation and Trenching
70
Q
  • Comprehensive guidelines for working at
    heights, including the use of guardrails, safety
    nets, and personal fall arrest systems to prevent
    fall-related injuries and fatalities.
A

Fall Protection

71
Q
  • Detailed regulations for the design,
    construction, and use of scaffolding, ensuring
    stability and proper access for workers on
    elevated platforms.
A

Scaffolding Safety

72
Q
  • Standards for the safe operation of construction
    equipment, including training requirements,
    maintenance protocols, and safety features for
    heavy machinery.
A

Heavy Machinery Operation

73
Q
  • Specific rules for soil analysis, protective
    systems, and safe entry procedures to prevent
    cave-ins and other hazards associated with
    excavation work.
A

Excavation and Trenching

74
Q

Industry-Specific OSH Satndards: Manufacturing Sector

A
  • Machine Guarding
  • Robotics and Automation Safety
  • Chemical Process Safety
75
Q
  • Strict requirements for protective barriers and
    devices on machinery to prevent worker
    contact with hazardous moving parts, reducing
    the risk of injuries and amputations.
A

Machine Guarding

76
Q
  • Guidelines for the safe integration of robotic
    systems in manufacturing processes, including
    risk assessments, safety zones, and emergency
    stop procedures.
A

Robotics and Automation Safety

77
Q
  • Comprehensive standards for the handling,
    storage, and processing of hazardous chemicals,
    including process safety management and
    emergency response planning.
A

Chemical Process Safety

78
Q

Enforcement of OSH Standards in the Philippines

A
  • DOLE Inspection
  • Safety Offucer System
  • Reporting Mechanism
  • Penalties and Sanctions
79
Q

 The Department of Labor and Employment
conducts regular workplace inspections to
ensure compliance with OSH standards and
identify potential violations.

A

DOLE Inspection

80
Q

 Requirement for businesses to appoint qualified safety officers who oversee the implementation of OSH programs and conduct internal audits.

A

Safety Officer System

81
Q

 Establishment of channels for workers to report
OSH violations anonymously, protecting
whistleblowers from retaliation.

A

Reporting Mechanisms

82
Q

 Implementation of fines, operational
suspensions, and legal actions against
companies that fail to comply with OSH
standards.

A

Penalties and Sanctions

83
Q

Compliance Mechanisms for OSH Standards

A
  • Training and Education
  • Documentation and Record-Keeping
  • Safety Committees
  • Continuous Improvement
84
Q

 Mandatory OSH training programs for workers
and management to ensure awareness of safety
protocols and best practices. This includes initial
orientation for new employees and regular
refresher courses.

A

Training and Education

85
Q

 Requirement for businesses to maintain
detailed records of OSH-related activities,
including incident reports, training logs, and
equipment maintenance records for audit
purposes.

A

Documentation and Record-Keeping

86
Q

 Establishment of joint labor-management safety committees to promote collaboration in
identifying and addressing workplace hazards
and OSH concerns.

A

Safety Committees

87
Q

 Implementation of management systems that
encourage ongoing evaluation and
enhancement of OSH practices.

A

Continuous Improvement

88
Q

Challenges in OSH Implementation

A
  • Resource Constraints
  • Cultural Barriers
  • Enforcement Gaps
89
Q

 Many small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in
the Philippines face financial and personnel
limitations in fully implementing OSH standards.
This can lead to inadequate safety measures
and increased workplace risks.

A

Resource Constraints

90
Q

Example of Resource Constraints

A

 Limited budget for safety equipment
 Lack of dedicated safety personnel
 Insufficient training resources

91
Q

 Traditional work practices and cultural attitudes
sometimes conflict with modern OSH standards,
making it challenging to change long-standing
behaviors and perceptions about workplace
safety.

A

Cultural Barriers

92
Q

Examples of Cultural Barriers

A

 Resistance to wearing PPE
 “It won’t happen to me” mentality
 Prioritizing productivity over safety

93
Q

 Limited government resources for inspection
and enforcement can result in inconsistent
application of OSH standards across industries
and regions, potentially leaving some workers
vulnerable.

A

Enforcement Gaps

94
Q

Examples of Enforcement Gaps

A

 Insufficient number of inspectors
 Difficulties in reaching remote
workplaces
 Corruption and bribery issues

Ncm 120 (9 decks)

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