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Ncm 120 > Historical and Theoretical Foundations > Flashcards

Historical and Theoretical Foundations Flashcards

1
Q

a specialized field that focuses on providing
culturally competent and congruent healthcare to individuals from
diverse backgrounds

A

Transcultural nursing

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2
Q

The Birth of Transcultural Nursing

A

1950s: Early Observations
1960s: Concept Development
1970s: Theory Formulation
1980s: Global Recognition

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3
Q

Madeleine Leininger, while working as a child psychiatric nurse, notices cultural differences in children’s
behavior and care needs.

A

1950s: Early Observations

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4
Q

Leininger pursues anthropology studies and begins developing the concept of transcultural nursing

A

1960s: Concept Development

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5
Q

Leininger publishes her Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality, laying the groundwork for
transcultural nursing practice.

A

1970s: Theory Formulation

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6
Q

Transcultural nursing gains international recognition as a distinct field of study and practice within nursing.

A

1980s: Global Recognition

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7
Q

The
Mother of Transcultural
Nursing

A

Madeleine Leininger

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8
Q

1980s:

A

Global Recognition

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9
Q

1970s:

A

Theory Formulation

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10
Q

1960s:

A

Concept Development

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11
Q

1950s:

A

Early Observations

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12
Q

academic background of leininger

A

degrees in nursing and anthropology

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13
Q

Key Contributions of leininger

A

Developed the Theory of
Culture Care Diversity and
Universality and the Sunrise
Model for cultural
assessment.

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14
Q

Professional Impact

A

Founded the Transcultural
Nursing Society and
established the Journal of
Transcultural Nursing.

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15
Q

emphasizes the
importance of understanding
cultural similarities and differences
in healthcare practices

A

Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality

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16
Q

posits that
culturally congruent care is essential
for promoting health and well-being

A

Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality

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17
Q

includes seven cultural
and social structure dimensions

A

Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality

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18
Q

seven cultural
and social structure dimensions of the Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality

A
  • technological factors,
  • religious and philosophical factors
  • kinship and social factors
  • cultural values and lifeways
  • political and legal factors
  • economic factors
  • educational factors
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19
Q

Application in Practice
of the Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality

A

Nurses use this theory to:

  • assess cultural factors,
  • develop culturally appropriate care plans,
  • provide holistic care that
    respects and incorporates
    patients’ cultural beliefs and practices.
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20
Q

Other Influential Transcultural Nursing Theorists

A
  • Joyce Newman Giger
  • Larry Purnell
  • Josepha Campinha-Bacote
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21
Q

Developed the Giger and Davidhizar Transcultural Assessment Model

A

Joyce Newman Giger

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22
Q

Created the Purnell Model for Cultural Competence

A

Larry Purnell

23
Q

Introduced the Process of Cultural Competence in the Delivery of Healthcare Services

A

Josepha Campinha-Bacote

24
Q

focusing on six cultural phenomena:
communication, space, social
organization, time, environmental
control, and biological variations.

A

Giger and Davidhizar
Transcultural Assessment Model

25
Q

which includes 12 domains for assessing cultural attributes in healthcare settings

A

Purnell Model for Cultural
Competence

26
Q

emphasizing cultural awareness, knowledge, skill, encounters, and desire

A

Process of Cultural
Competence in the Delivery of Healthcare Services

27
Q

Cultural Competence in Nursing

A
  • Cultural Awareness
  • Cultural Knowledge
  • Cultural Skill
  • Cultural Encounters
  • Cultural Desire
28
Q

Recognizing one’s own cultural biases and prejudices, and
acknowledging the existence of cultural differences.

A

Cultural Awareness

29
Q

Seeking and obtaining education about diverse cultural and ethnic groups, including their
health-related beliefs and
practices.

A

Cultural Knowledge

30
Q

Developing the ability to
conduct cultural assessments and perform culturally-based physical assessments.

A

Cultural Skill

31
Q

Engaging in face-to-face interactions with patients
from diverse cultural backgrounds to refine or
modify existing beliefs.

A

Cultural Encounters

32
Q

Cultivating the motivation to want to engage in the
process of becoming culturally aware, knowledgeable, and skillful.

A

Cultural Desire

33
Q

The tendency to view one’s own culture as superior and to judge
other cultures by the standards of one’s own

A

Ethnocentrism

34
Q

can lead to biased care and misunderstandings between healthcare providers and patients

A

Ethnocentrism

35
Q

The principle of understanding and
evaluating a culture on its own terms, without imposing one’s own cultural values

A

Cultural Relativism

36
Q

promotes a more open-minded approach to patient care and cultural
practices

A

Cultural Relativism

37
Q

Transcultural nursing aims to strike a balance between these concepts,
encouraging nurses to be aware of their own cultural biases while
respecting and accommodating
diverse cultural practices in healthcare settings.

A

Balancing Act

38
Q

Globalization and Its Impact on Transcultural Nursing

A
  • Increased Cultural Diversity
  • Cross-Cultural Health Issues
  • Technology and Communication
  • International Nursing Collaborations
39
Q

Global migration patterns have led to more diverse
patient populations in healthcare settings, necessitating a deeper understanding of various cultures.

A

Increased Cultural Diversity

40
Q

The spread of global health challenges, such as
pandemics, has highlighted the need for culturally sensitive approaches to public health interventions.

A

Cross-Cultural Health Issues

41
Q

Advancements in technology have facilitated cross cultural communication and access to health
information, influencing patient expectations and care delivery.

A

Technology and Communication

42
Q

Increased opportunities for international nursing
exchanges and collaborations have fostered a global
perspective in nursing education and practice.

A

International Nursing Collaborations

43
Q

Challenges in Implementing Transcultural Nursing

A
  • Language Barriers
  • Time Constraints
  • Lack of Resources
  • Resistance to Change
44
Q

Difficulties in communication can lead to misunderstandings, misdiagnoses, and inadequate care. Ensuring access to professional interpreters and translated materials is crucial but often challenging

A

Language Barriers

45
Q

Conducting thorough cultural assessments and providing culturally congruent care often requires more time, which
can be challenging in fast-paced healthcare environments.

A

Time Constraints

46
Q

Many healthcare institutions lack the necessary resources, including culturally diverse staff, specialized training programs, and culturally appropriate healthcare materials

A

Lack of Resources

47
Q

Some healthcare professionals may resist adopting new practices or may hold unconscious biases that hinder the
implementation of culturally competent care.

A

Resistance to Change

48
Q

Ethics and Transcultural Nursing

A
  • Ethical Principles
  • Cultural Relativism vs. Ethical
    Universalism
  • Informed Consent
49
Q

Ethical Principles

A
  • autonomy,
  • beneficence,
  • non-maleficence,
  • justice
50
Q

involves critical reflection on when to accommodate cultural practices and when to intervene for patient safety or well-being

A

Cultural Relativism vs. Ethical Universalism

51
Q

Holds that ethical values and human rights are culturally determined and vary across cultures. This view argues that rights are not absolute and are instead informed by social, religious, and cultural contexts

A

Cultural relativism

52
Q

Holds that universal ethical principles apply to all individuals regardless of cultural or societal differences. This view supports the idea that certain rights and freedoms are inherent and not subject to change based on locality or culture

A

Ethical universalism

53
Q

Nurses must ensure
that patients understand their options and the implications of their
choices within their cultural framework.

A

Informed Consent

Ncm 120 (9 decks)

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