INTRODUCTION TO MYCOLOGY Flashcards
What is the origin of Mycology?
Mykes
Differentiate:
Mycosis
Opportunistic Mycosis
Systematic mycosis
Fungal infection
Immunocompromised infection
Multi-organ infection
Alternate / practical approaches is classified by?
Reproduction
Thallus morphology
This is a cell with cell membranes, nuclear membrane and nucleus
Eukaryotic
This cannot produce their own food and they use ORGANIC compound for nutrients
Heterotrophs
They cannot move on their own
Non-motile
What do you call the “decaying matter”?
Saprobes
How do fungi reproduce?
Through microscopic propagules (spores)
Most fungi needs oxygen to survive, therefore there are?
Obligate aerobes
What is the most abundant amino polysaccharide and glucan of fungi?
Chitin
This is the site of caspofungin
N-acetyl glucosamine Beta glucan
This is an antifungal drug that treats aspergillus and Candida infection by inhibiting the cell wall synthesis.
Caspofungin
The cell membrane of a fungi is rich in?
Ergosterol
This is a sterol that helps with the rigidity of the cell.
Ergosterol
The cell membrane is the site of the action of these two antifungal drugs.
Amphotericin B and Azoles
What temperature does the following grow?
A. Yeast
B. Molds
A. 37’C
B. 22’C
What is the appearance of the following?
A. Yeast
B. Molds
A. Smooth, Creamy bacterial colony w/o aerial hyphae
B. Fuzzy, Woolly, Powdery
This form of fungi is unicellular, forms buds and it is based on biochemical tests.
Yeast
What is the type of reproduction of yeasts?
Budding/ fission (Asexual Reproduction)
Give an example of Yeast.
Cryptococcus neoformans (C. neoformans)
C. Neoformans causes what?
Meningitis and Menigoencephalitis
What is the stain used in C. neoformans?
India ink stain
C. neoformans’ teleomorph is ______________ which is a filamentous fungus from class ____________.
Filobasidiella neoformans; Tremellomycetes
C. Neoformans can be found in?
Pigeon excrement
Give an example of molds.
Aspergillus niger
What are the components of MOlds?
A. Hyphae
B. Spores
C. Rhizoid
This hyphae is a lightly pigmented
This hyphae is highly pigmented due to Melanie
Hyaline
Dematiaceous
Dematiacious hyphae is also known as?
Phaeoid
This has no transverse walls and it is multinucleated.
Aseptate
What is the other name of aseptate?
Sparsely hyphae
This is a component of mold that is the main reproductive unit of fungi and is usually single cells that is found in fragmentation and has the function for the identification of structure such as the arrangement and shape.
Spores
This is a small branching hyphae that grows downwards.
Rhizoid
This assumes to be both yeast and mold form and temperature dependent.
Dimorphic fungi
Give at least 5 medically important dimorphic fungi.
- Blastomyces dermatitidis
- Coccidioides immitis
- Coccidioides posadasii
- Paracoccidioides brasiliensis,
- Sporothrix schenckii
- Penicillium marneffei
- Histoplasma capsulatum
What is the other term for sexual reproduction?
Perfect reproduction
Differentiate the ff:
A. Acospores
B. Basidiospores
C. Zygospores
a) Acospores: formed in sac (Ascus)
b) Basidospores: Formed externally
(tip of pedestal/ stem).
• Stem (basidium)
c) Zygospores: Single large spore with
thick walls
What is the other term for asexual?
Imperfect / Fungi imperfecti
Asexual reproduction has the formation of __________ following mitosis
Conidia
This is round and thick walled. The spore detach and form a new hyphae.
Chlamydospores
This is rectangular, spores detach and form a new hyphae
Arthrospores
This is are buds that arise from yeast and form pseudohyphae. The bud detached from other spre and produced pseudohyphae.
Blastopores
This is found inside a sac called __________.
Sporangiospores; Sporangium
This is found at the tip of stalk.
Sporangiophore
What do you call the tip of the stalk?
Sporangiophore
This is found inside the stalk
Sporangiospore
What is the unique characteristics of fungi?
They produce digestive enzymes.
This support the reproductive structure of molds.
Mycelia/Thallus
This is the tube-like structure that forms mycelia.
Hyphae
