Introduction to Infectious Disease: Diarrhea

Question 1

what are the 2 leading causes of death worldwide?

Answer 1

pneumonia (8.5%)

Diarrhea (5.8%)

Question 2

what is the the age group preferentially affected by infectious disease syndromes.

Answer 2

children under 5

Question 3

Identify the leading cause of morbidity and death with diarrhea.

Answer 3

Dehydration

Question 4

State the most reversible cause of morbidity and death with diarrhea.

Answer 4

dehydration can be reveresed by rehydration

Question 5

Compare and contrast inflammatory and non-inflammatory diarrhea, anatomically and clinically.

Answer 5

Non-inflammatory: (watery) -> small bowel

Inflammatory: (Increased T, fecal WBC, RBC) -> colon

Question 6

Name three organisms that cause inflammatory diarrhea

Answer 6

C. jejuni, 
Shigella, 				
 Salmonella,
(±)E. coli O157:H7*,
C. difficile†, 
E. histolytica

Question 7

Identify the leading cause of acute bacterial diarrhea in the U.S.- all ages.

Answer 7

Campylobacter jejuni

Question 8

Describe the predominant cause of nosocomial diarrhea.

Answer 8

C. difficile

Question 9

what is the Leading cause of:
	- Prolonged diarrhea
	- Dehydration from diarrhea
	- Hospitalization from diarrhea
	- Death from diarrhea 
	   (U.S. and world)

Answer 9

Rotavirus

Question 10

what Ages are affected in norovirus .

Answer 10

Older children, adults

Question 11

what ages are affected in rotavurus

Answer 11

Infants, young children.

Question 12

what Causes vast majority of hemorrhagic colitis (and Hemolytic uremic syndrome [HUS]) in U.S.

Answer 12

E. coli 0157:H7