Introduction to Hematology and Anemia Series Hematopoiesis Flashcards
Describe RBCs in their structure and function.
In peripheral blood, should not have nucleolus, their function is to carry oxygen.
Describe WBCs in their structure and function.
In peripheral blood, should have nucleolus, their function is fight against infection and provide immunity.
Describe platelets in their structure and function.
Form Platelet plug
List fetal hematopoiesis sites and gestational period corresponding to active cell production.
Mesoblastic Phase (Day 19-5 weeks): Yoke sack
Hepatic Phase (5th week- 5th Month): Primarily liver, also spleen and LN but NEVER thymus
Myeloid Phase (5th Month - Life): Bone Marrow
What is normal red and yellow marrow distribution in newborn?
100% Cellularity (red)
What is normal red and yellow marrow distribution in 5-7 Years?
Marrow recedes in distal of long, replaced with fat.
What is normal red and yellow marrow distribution in adult?
Fat comes in and replaces yellow.
List the 7 sites of hematopoietic tissue in a normal adult.
skull, shoulder blades, sternum, ribs, vertebrae, pelvis, proximal portions of long bones
List the 3 anatomic sites in order of frequency of involvement for extramedullary hematopoiesis.
Always irregular in adults. From Most to least common; spleen, liver and LN. NEVER Thymus
What is reactive form extramedullary hematopoiesis?
We know the cause.
What is non-reactive form extramedullary hematopoiesis?
We do not know the cause.
State the location of the hematopoietic marrow.
Hematopoiesis takes place between or outside of the sinusoids.
List the cell lines derived from the CFU-GEMM.
Granulocutes, Eosinophils, Monocytes and Magakaryocyte
Describe the 5 morphologic changes that occur in most cell lines in response to cell maturation.
- Decrease in Cell size
- Decrease in nucleus to cytoplasm ration
- Loss of nucleolus
- Loss of cytoplasmic basophilia (RNA)
- Nuclear Chromatin fine to course
What are the ways bone marrow can respond to an increased demand for blood cells?
- Maturation time decreased
- Decrease in generation time
- Expand to fatty areas of Yellow Marrow
- Yellow to Red Marrow
- Extramedullary (last resort)