Introduction to health

Question 1

What are some factors that influence health?

Answer 1

Philosophy
Health care system
Practices/lifestyle
Behaviors
Cost/insurance/work status

Question 2

What is Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?

Answer 2

The idea that people are innately motivated towards psychological growth, self-awareness, and personal freedom

Question 3

What is cognitive development by Piaget?

Answer 3

A person understands whatever fits into his established view of the world, when the info does not fit, he must re-examine & adjust his thinking to accommodate the new info. A person should reach this level by adolescence

Question 4

What is Madeline Leininger’s theory of transcultural nursing?

Answer 4

Focuses upon the differences and similarities among cultures with respect to human healthcare, health (well-being) and illness. It is based upon people’s cultural values, beliefs, practices, and use of this knowledge to provide culturally specific or culturally congruent nursing care

Question 5

What are the levels of prevention?

Answer 5

Primary
Secondary
Tertiary

Question 6

What is primary prevention?

Answer 6

True prevent before the pt is sick
Not therapeutic
Does not involve symptom ID

Question 7

What is secondary prevention?

Answer 7

Providing screening and treating early stages of disease
Limiting disability and complication
Emphasizes early diagnosis and treatment
Ex: BP screenings, mammographies, colonoscopies, Colace to reduce constipation after abd surgery

Question 8

What is tertiary prevention?

Answer 8

Occurs when a deficit or disability is permanent or irreversible
Focus on rehabilitation
Given to improve quality of life, NOT a treatment
Ex: providing services to people with autism

Question 9

What is ADPIE?

Answer 9

Nursing process
Assessment - data collection
Diagnose
Plan of care
Implement a plan of care
Evaluate outcome of plan

Question 10

What is the assessment?

Answer 10

Data collection

• History taking: primary (pt), secondary (medical records/family)
• Physical examination
• Lab results
• Diagnostics

Question 11

What are elements of the health history?

Answer 11

Biographical Data
Chief Complaint
History of Present Illness
Past Medical History
Past Surgical History
Family History (Genogram)
Review of Systems (interview)
Psychosocial History

Question 12

What is included in biographical data?

Answer 12

Name
Age (DOB)
Race
Gender
Birthplace
Source of HX.
Occupation

Question 13

What is the chief complaint?

Answer 13

Reason why the pt is seeking health care

In the pt’s own words

Question 14

What is the HPI?

Answer 14

Clear, chronological narrative beginning with the earliest onset of the CC and its progression
Use SLIDTA format

Question 15

What is PMH?

Answer 15

Communicable diseases
Immunizations
Major Illnesses (include date & place in chronological order)

Question 16

What is the PSH?

Answer 16

Same as PMH but with surgical procedures

Question 17

What is the review of systems?

Answer 17

Review all current and pertinent past symptoms
to be sure nothing was overlooked
Pt’s responses are recorded, not physical findings (subjective data)

Question 18

What does IPPA stand for?

Answer 18

Inspection
Percussion
Palpation
Auscultation

Question 19

What is inspection?

Answer 19

Process of observation

Gait, ROM, eye contact, skin color, body language

Question 20

What is percussion?

Answer 20

Striking a portion of the body to evaluate the condition of underlying structures

Question 21

How are sound vibrations best transmitted?

Answer 21

Through firm solids, less through fluid, and poorest through air

Question 22

Where is tympany heard?
Dullness?
Resonance?

Answer 22

Abdomen
Liver
Lungs

Question 23

What is palpation?

Answer 23

Using hands/fingers to gather information through touch

Question 24

What is ballottement?

Answer 24

Feeling the organ between two hands

Question 25

What is auscultation?

Answer 25

Listening

Question 26

What is the diaphragm used for?

Answer 26

To transmit higher pitched frequency sounds

Question 27

What is the bell used for?

Answer 27

Lower pitched sounds and listening to a limited area