Introduction to health Flashcards
What are some factors that influence health?
Philosophy Health care system Practices/lifestyle Behaviors Cost/insurance/work status
What is Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?
The idea that people are innately motivated towards psychological growth, self-awareness, and personal freedom
What is cognitive development by Piaget?
A person understands whatever fits into his established view of the world, when the info does not fit, he must re-examine & adjust his thinking to accommodate the new info. A person should reach this level by adolescence
What is Madeline Leininger’s theory of transcultural nursing?
Focuses upon the differences and similarities among cultures with respect to human healthcare, health (well-being) and illness. It is based upon people’s cultural values, beliefs, practices, and use of this knowledge to provide culturally specific or culturally congruent nursing care
What are the levels of prevention?
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
What is primary prevention?
True prevent before the pt is sick
Not therapeutic
Does not involve symptom ID
What is secondary prevention?
Providing screening and treating early stages of disease
Limiting disability and complication
Emphasizes early diagnosis and treatment
Ex: BP screenings, mammographies, colonoscopies, Colace to reduce constipation after abd surgery
What is tertiary prevention?
Occurs when a deficit or disability is permanent or irreversible
Focus on rehabilitation
Given to improve quality of life, NOT a treatment
Ex: providing services to people with autism
What is ADPIE?
Nursing process Assessment - data collection Diagnose Plan of care Implement a plan of care Evaluate outcome of plan
What is the assessment?
Data collection
- History taking: primary (pt), secondary (medical records/family)
- Physical examination
- Lab results
- Diagnostics
What are elements of the health history?
Biographical Data Chief Complaint History of Present Illness Past Medical History Past Surgical History Family History (Genogram) Review of Systems (interview) Psychosocial History
What is included in biographical data?
Name Age (DOB) Race Gender Birthplace Source of HX. Occupation
What is the chief complaint?
Reason why the pt is seeking health care
In the pt’s own words
What is the HPI?
Clear, chronological narrative beginning with the earliest onset of the CC and its progression
Use SLIDTA format
What is PMH?
Communicable diseases
Immunizations
Major Illnesses (include date & place in chronological order)
What is the PSH?
Same as PMH but with surgical procedures
What is the review of systems?
Review all current and pertinent past symptoms
to be sure nothing was overlooked
Pt’s responses are recorded, not physical findings (subjective data)
What does IPPA stand for?
Inspection
Percussion
Palpation
Auscultation
What is inspection?
Process of observation
Gait, ROM, eye contact, skin color, body language
What is percussion?
Striking a portion of the body to evaluate the condition of underlying structures
How are sound vibrations best transmitted?
Through firm solids, less through fluid, and poorest through air
Where is tympany heard?
Dullness?
Resonance?
Abdomen
Liver
Lungs
What is palpation?
Using hands/fingers to gather information through touch
What is ballottement?
Feeling the organ between two hands
