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Health Assessment midterm > HNNMP > Flashcards

HNNMP Flashcards

1
Q

Which CN is responsible for innervating facial muscles?

A

CN VII

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2
Q

Which CN is responsible for facial sensations?

A

CN V

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3
Q

Which CN innervates the SCM and trapezius?

A

CN XI

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4
Q

What is dangerous about the parotid gland swelling?

A

Could cause a deviated trachea

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5
Q

Where does the temporal bone end?

A

Behind the ears

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6
Q

Where is the maxillary region?

A

Around the cheeks

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7
Q

Where is the mandibular region?

A

Around the chin

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8
Q

Where do the carotid artery and internal jugular vein lie?

A

Beneath the SCM

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9
Q

What are the four areas in which lymph nodes are accessible?

A

Head and neck, arms, axilla, inguinal region

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10
Q

What do lymph nodes do?

A

Drain bacteria

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11
Q

What do normal lymph nodes feel like?

A

They either cannot be palpated or are round/oval, soft, and mobile

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12
Q

What do infectious lymph nodes feel like?

A

Cannot be palpated; are round/oval, soft, and mobile; and hurts/is tender

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13
Q

What do malignant lymph nodes feel like?

A

Round/oval, hard, fixed, non-tender

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14
Q

What should you check the hair for?

A

Quality, distribution, texture, and pattern of loss

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15
Q

What can fine, silky hair indicate?

A

Hyperthyroidism

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16
Q

What can thinning, coarse hair indicate?

A

Hypothyroidism

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17
Q

What should you check the scalp for?

A

Scaliness, lumps, lesions

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18
Q

What two areas of the head should be checked for tenderness?

A

Mastoid/vertebral column down to vertebral prominens

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19
Q

What characteristics of the face should you observe?

A

Expressions, contour, asymmetry, involuntary movements, edema, masses

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20
Q

What characteristics of the skin should you observe for?

A

Color, pigmentation, texture, thickness, hair distribution, lesions, tattoos/piercings

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21
Q

What can facial droopiness signify?

A

Stroke, parotitis, eye infection, etc.

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22
Q

What should you examine the neck for?

A 
Symmetry, masses, scars, enlargement of parotid/submandibular glands, visible lymph nodes
Check ROM
TMJ
JVD
Carotid bruit
23
Q

What CN innervates motor function of the neck?

A

CN XI

24
Q

How do you test CN XI?

A

Shrug shoulders and check ROM in head

Use hands to apply force

25
Q

In what order should the lymph nodes be palpated?

A 
Preauricular
Posterior auricular
Occipital
Tonsillar
Submandibular
Submental (underneath chin)
Superficial cervical
Deep cervical chain
Posterior cervical
Supraclavicular
26
Q

How do you check for a carotid/thyroid bruit?

A

Use bell, have patient breathe in and hold breath, listen

27
Q

What should you inspect the trachea for?

A

Deviation from midline

28
Q

How do you feel for tracheal displacement?

A

Feel by placing fingers along one side of trachea; compare with other side

29
Q

How do you inspect the neck for the thyroid gland?

A

Palpate from behind
Place both hands on pt neck with index fingers below cricoid
Displace thyroid as pt sips water

30
Q

What should you take note of during thyroid inspection?

A

Size, shape, consistency, nodules, tenderness

31
Q

When should you listen for a thyroid bruit?

A

When they say they have an enlarged thyroid

No bruit -> no sound

32
Q

Why is a deviated septum potentially dangerous?

A

It can block off the nostril, cause difficulty breathing, snorting, or interfere with inserting NG tubes

33
Q

What is the name of the anterior septum?

A

Kiesselbach’s Plexus

34
Q

What are the 3 parallel bony projections in each nasal cavity called?

A

Superior, middle, and inferior turbinates

35
Q

What do the 3 parallel bony projections do

A

Increase surface area to warm blood

36
Q

Which pairs of sinuses should be examined?

A

Frontal (above eyebrows)
Maxillary (cheek bones)
Ask if there’s tenderness

37
Q

What are the 2 parts of the palate and what are they made of?

A

Hard palate - bone

Soft palate - muscle

38
Q

What should you check the mouth for?

A 
Lips (color, moisture, lumps, ulcers, cracking incomplete fusion)
Mucosa (ulcers, nodules)
Buccal membranes
Cheeks
Teeth and condition
Gums/tongue
Tonsils and oropharynx
39
Q

Where is the submandibular salivary gland located?

A

Underneath the tongue

40
Q

Where is the parotid gland? What duct drains it?

A

Within the cheeks in front of the ear

Parotid duct

41
Q

Where is the submandibular gland? What duct drains it?

A

Beneath the mandible at the angle of the jaw

Submandibular/Wharton’s duct drains it

42
Q

Where is the oropharynx?

A

Behind the mouth and nose

43
Q

What should you inspect for the nose?

A

The anterior and inferior surfaces
Lean back pt and pull up nose
Check symmetry, lesions, sores, opening in septum, nasal mucosa (color swelling bleeding exudate)

44
Q

What should you inspect the oral/buccal mucosa for?

A

Parotid glands and duct (opposite second molar)

Whiteness on tongue - leukoplakia or thrush

45
Q

What is the difference between leukoplakia and thrush?

A

Thrush will scrape off

46
Q

What to check for when looking at gums, teeth, and pharynx?

A 
Inflammation
Swelling
Retraction
Discoloration
Cracks
Cavities
Chips
Looseness in sockets
Discoloration
Missing teeth
Loose appliances
47
Q

What should you inspect the tongue for?

A 
Color
Papillae
Texture
Size
Symmetry
Presence of lesions
Frenulum
48
Q

What is CN I?
Sensory/motor?
How do you test it?

A

Olfactory nerve
Sensory
Test by smell - close one nostril, sniff, close the other, sniff, open both, sniff

49
Q

What is CN V?
Sensory/motor?
How do you test it?

A

Trigeminal
Both
Test sensory by feeling temporal, maxillary, and mandibular region on either side of the face to make sure they feel the same
Test motor by asking pt to open and close jaw while feeling TMJ

50
Q

What is CN VII?
Sensory/motor?
How do you test it?

A

Facial
Both
Test sensory by looking for anterior ⅔ of the tongue taste
Test motor by asking pt to smile, frown, puff cheeks, and raise eyebrows

51
Q

What is CN IX?
Sensory/motor?
How do you test it?

A

Glossopharyngeal
Both
Test sensory by looking for posterior ½ of tongue taste
Test motor by having pt say ahhhh for gag reflex

52
Q

What is CN X?
Sensory/motor?
How do you test it?

A

Vagus
Both
Test motor by gag reflex/saying ahhhh

53
Q

What is CN XI?
Sensory/motor?
How do you test it?

A

Spinal accessory
Motor
Test by having pt shrug shoulders and ROM in head - side to side, each ear to shoulder, bend forward and backward

54
Q

What is CN XII?
Sensory/motor?
How do you test it?

A

Hypoglossal
Motor
Test motor by sticking tongue out, up, down, side to side

Health Assessment midterm (5 decks)

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