Introduction to common oro-dental conditions in dogs and cats Flashcards
What should you check in an oral exam with every puppy/kitten?
NEONATES - cleft palate
8 week old - occlusion and correct number of teeth. 3
What are the 4 features of normal occlusion?
scissor bite, mandibular canine occludes between maxillary canine and 3rd incisor, premolar interdigitation (zig zag), posterioir scissor bite
Scissor bite - maxillary incisors slightly in front of mandibular incisors
What is this?
scissor bite
What is this?
normal occlusion - Mandibular canine occludes between maxillary canine and third incisor
What is this?
Normal occlusion - premolar interdigitation (zig zag pattern)
What is this?
Normal occlusion - posterior scissor bite
What is this? What are the features of this?
A common type of maloccluision - lingually displaced mandibular canine teeth. Unilateral OR bilateral. Often in combination iwth mandibular distoclusion (short mandible). Can create painful impingment into palate which will result in extensive palatal defects if left untreated.
What is mixed dentition?
Normal not pathological - it is when the animal is teething, both deciduous and permanent teeth are present.
What is ‘persistent deciduous tooth’?
A pathology where the temporary tooth is still there at the time the permanent tooth has already erupted.
Treatment - persistent deciduous tooth
dental readiography (determine if resorption is present), extraction (often surgical; the long thin roots are often prone to fragmentation)
Where do supernumerary teeth often occur? 2
incisors or premolars
Why are supernumerary teeth bad?
crowding can lead to periodontal disease so remove the most abnormally positioned one. some are only of cosmetic concern.
Define hypodontia
congenital abscence of one or a few teeth
Reasons for hypodontia - 3
impacted or embedded tooth, traumatic crown fracture below gingival margin, previous extraction
What is enamel hypoplasia?
enamel develops normally prior to eruption but in this event the development doesn’t occur fully before the tooth has erupted
List 4 problems you may get with trauma-induced dental problems
- abrasion
- attrition
- fractures
- intrinsic staining
Define abrasion
tooth surface wears gradually against abrasive objects
Define attrition
tooth wears against tooth through abnormal contact
What is reparative dentin?
beige or dark brown circles on the worn tooth surface
What are the different types of tooth fracture? 4
fracture with pulp exposure, root fracture, crown AND root fracture, chip fracture (no pulp exposure), ‘pulpal blush’ (near pulp-exposure, pink point showing through dentin)
What causes intrinsic staining?
blunt trauma
How do you determine if pulp exposure is present?
tooth has hole into which the tip of a sharp explorer will sink