Introduction to cell biology (1) Flashcards
What are the seven processes that are common to living things ?
Movement Sensitivity Growth Reproduction Excretion Nutrition Respiration
What are neurones
nerve cells that process and transmit information through
electrical and chemical signals
How do Plant cells orientate towards the light?
Phototropism
How can bacteria and sperm cells move ?
By using their flagellum
How can phagocytes move towards Bacteria ?
By moving down the chemical gradient
Name three stimuli organisms are sensitive to ?
Light , sound and smell
By which process do cells replicate to produce two identical daughter cells ?
Mitosis
Why is mitosis important in the body ?
For growth and repair of tissues
Name three ways organisms grow ?
Grow in
Size
Maturity
Complexity
Name two waste products that have to be removed from the body ?
CO2 and urea
What is cellular respiration ?
The process of oxidising organic food molecules (glucose) to carbon dioxide and water
How Is the energy released trapped ?
ATP
Why is energy stored the the form of ATP ?
So it can be used by all of the energy-consuming activities of the cell
What is physiological respiration
The movement of O2 from the outside environment to cells within tissues, and the transport of CO2 in the opposite direction)
Order these 8 levels of organisation Cells Tissues Population Organisms Organ systems Organs Chemical components(organelles) Cell components(atoms and molecules )
Chemical components(atoms , molecules ) Cell components(organelles) Cells Tissues Organs Organ systems Organism Populations
what are tissues ?
a collection of interconnected cells that perform a similar function
what are organs ?
a group of tissues in a living organism adapted to perform a specific bodily function
what is an organ system ?
a group of organs that work together to perform one or more functions
what is the control centre of the animal cell ?
the nucleus
how is genetic information stored in the nucleus ?
as DNA
Name three basic features that animal cells all have
plasma membrane
nucleus
cytoplasm
what is the gel-like mix in which biochemical reactions occur ?
the cytoplasm
what is the function of the plasma membrane that surrounds a cell ?
Controls movement of materials in and out of the cell
name three — that plant cells have that animal cells do not
cell wall
large vacuole
chloroplasts
