INTRODUCTION TO CELL BIOCHEMISTY VOCAB

Question 1

Element

Answer 1

1-A distinct type of substance or matter.
2-Each element has atoms that contain a unique number of protons in the nucleus.

Question 2

Atom

Answer 2

1-The fundamental unit of an element

2-made of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

Question 3

Ion

Answer 3

1-An atom or molecule that carries a full charge

2-positive if it contains more protons than electrons

3-negative if it contains more electrons than protons.

Question 4

Molecule

Answer 4

1-A structure made of two or more atoms

2-held together by covalent bonds.

Question 5

Covelent Bond

Answer 5

An attraction between two atoms based on shared electrons.

Question 6

Electronegativity

Answer 6

1-The tendency for an atom’s nucleus to attract the shared electrons

2-in a covalent bond.

Question 7

Non-Polar Covalent bonds

Answer 7

Equal sharing of electrons, due to equal or roughly equal electronegativities of the atoms involved.

Question 7

Polar Covalent bonds

Answer 7

1-An asymmetry in the position of shared electrons

2- differences in the electronegativities

3-a partial positive charge on one atom and a partial negative charge on the second atom.

Question 8

Hydrogen Bond

Answer 8

An attraction between a partial positive charge on a hydrogen atom and a partial negative charge on another atom.