Cellular Respiration 1 Vocabulary

Question 1

Redox (reduction-oxidation) reaction

Answer 1

Chemical reactions involving the gain (reduction) or loss (oxidation) of an electron.

Question 2

Cellular respiration

Answer 2

A multi-step process that uses energy captured from carbon oxidation to power ATP production via an electron transport chain and ATP synthase.

Question 3

Electron transport chain

Answer 3

A series of machines that uses an electric current to pump protons across a membrane, establishing a proton gradient that is then used to generate ATP.

Question 4

ATP synthase

Answer 4

The multi-protein machine that transforms the kinetic energy in a flow of protons to mechanical energy that catalyzes the addition of a phosphate group to ADP to form ATP.

Question 5

Glycolysis

Answer 5

A sequence of ten enzyme-catalyzed reactions that begins with glucose and ends with pyruvate, producing 2 ATP and 2 NADH per molecule of glucose.

Question 6

Pyruvate processing

Answer 6

A series of enzyme-catalyzed reactions that begins with pyruvate as a substrate and produces acetyl-CoA and NADH.

Question 7

Citric acid cycle

Answer 7

A sequence of nine enzyme-catalyzed reactions that begins with acetyl-CoA, completes the oxidation of glucose to CO2, and produces ATP, NADH, and FADH2.

Question 8

NADH, FADH2, Q

Answer 8

Molecules that function as electron carriers during cellular respiration, meaning that they transport electrons to or within the electron transport chain.