Introduction to bacteria and antimicrobials

Question 1

Gram positive coccus anaerobe [clumps]

Answer 1

Staphylococcus, micrococcus, rothia

Question 2

Gram positive coccus anaerobe [chains]

Answer 2

Streptococcus, enterococcus

Question 3

Gram positive bacillus [anaerobe]

Answer 3

Clostridium, actinomyces, cutibacterium

Question 4

Gram positive bacillus [facultative anaerobe]

Answer 4

Listeria, corynebacterium, lactobacillus

Question 5

Gramo positive bacillus [aerobe]

Answer 5

Nocardia

Question 6

Gram negative coccus [facultative anaerobe]

Answer 6

Neisseria, moraxella, kingella

Question 7

Gram negative bacillus [facultative anaerobe]

Answer 7

Enterobacteriaceae [E coli, klebsiella, salmonella, shigella, enterobacter, proteus], haemophilus

Question 8

Gram negative bacillus [aerobe]

Answer 8

Pseudomonas, legionella, vibrio, bordetella

Question 9

Gram negative bacillus [microaerophilic]

Answer 9

Campylobacter, treponema, helicobacter

Question 10

Non-culturable [no cell wall]

Answer 10

Mycoplasma, ureaplasma, chlamydia

Question 11

Nitroimidazole [metronidazole]

Answer 11

Produce oxygen free radicals which damage protein and DNA

Question 12

Quinolones [ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin]

Answer 12

Inhibit DNA coiling

Question 13

Rifampicin

Answer 13

Inhibit RNA polymerase

Question 14

Macrolides [erythromycin, azithromycin] and lincosamides [clindamycin]

Answer 14

Prevent protein elongation and inhibit ribosome formation

Question 15

Aminoglycosides [gentamicin, amikacin]

Answer 15

Interfere with translation and protein formation

Question 16

Beta-lactams [penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems]

Answer 16

inhibit cell wall formation

Question 17

Glycopeptides [vancomycin, teicoplanin]

Answer 17

Prevents peptidoglycan cross-linkage