Introduction to Anatomy Flashcards
1
Q
level of organization
A
atoms -> molecules -> cells -> tissues -> organs -> system -> organism
2
Q
division of abdominal area
A
top = right hypochondriac / epigastric / left hypochondriac middle = right lumbar / umbilical / left lumbar bottom = right iliac or inguinal / hypogastric or pubis / left iliac or inguinal
3
Q
anatomical position refers to:
A
- standing erect
- head, eyes and toes directed anteriorly (forward)
- upper limbs by the sides with palms facing anteriorly
- lower limbs close together with feet parallel
4
Q
anatomical planes include:
A
- transverse/axial
- coronal/frontal
- medial/sagittal
- oblique
5
Q
transverse/axial
A
divides body into superior (top) and inferior (bottom) parts
6
Q
coronal/frontal
A
divides body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) parts
7
Q
sagittal
A
divides body into right and left halves
- if its equal halves and down the midline = median/midsagittal
- if its not equal halves and off to the side = parasagittal
8
Q
multiplanar reconstruction (MPR)
A
puts together multiple images of the body in different planes to give a 3D image of the body
9
Q
rostral
A
towards or front of the nose
10
Q
caudal
A
towards the tail/bottom
11
Q
anterior/ventral
A
front
12
Q
posterior/dorsal
A
back
13
Q
intermediate
A
between two structures
14
Q
different body cavaities
A
- cranial (brain)
- vertebral (spinal cord)
- thoracic (chest)
- — pleural (lungs)
- — pericardial (heart)
- — mediastinum (sternum, space b/w lungs. heart)
- abdominal (stomach, spleen, gallbladder, intestines)
- pelvic (bladder, reproductive organs)
15
Q
flexion
A
decrease angle between bones; bending of joint
