Introduction & Overview of Site Planning Flashcards
Addresses the sustainability imperative
and design strategies to create healthier,
resilient, and more livable built
environments.
“Shaping the Built
Environment”
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS
No Poverty
Zero Hunger
Good Health and Well- Being
Quality Education
Gender Equality
Clean Water and Sanitation
Affordable and Clean Energy
Decent Work and Economic Growth
Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure
etc.
According to United Nations (2010)
50% of the planet’s 7
billion inhabitants not
live in urbanized areas
A global challenge requiring context-specific changes
in the structure and function of our built environments.
Sustainability
Production (Ecosystem Services)
Oxygen, Water, food and fiber, fuel and energy, Medical Resources
Regulation (Ecosystem Services)
Storage and recycling of organic matter
Decomposition and recycling oh human waste
Regulation of local and global climate
Carrier (Ecosystem Services)
Space for settlements
Space for agriculture
Space for recreation
Information (Ecosystem Services)
Aesthetic resources
Historic Information
Scientific and educational info.
seeks to meet the needs and aspirations of the present without compromising the ability of those to meet those of the future.”
Sustainable development
Seeks to understand the complex dynamics of
interconnected human and environmental systems.
Sustainability Science
Sample application of Sustainability Science
-actions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (climate mitigation)
-increase resilience to extreme weather events
(climate adaption); and,
-“integrative task of managing particular places where multiple efforts to meet multiple human needs interact with multiple life-support systems in highly complex and often unexpected ways” (Clark, 2007).
Three Related Development Paradigms (that focus attention on the physical configuration, or design, of the built environment)
-Smart Growth
-New Urbanism
-Sustainable Design
diverse housing, shops, workplaces, schools, parks, and civic facilities encompassing interconnected indoor and outdoor environments
Mixed and Integrated Uses
architecture that enriches public open spaces, especially streetscapes, and creates neighborhoods and urban districts with a strong sense of place
Clustered, Compact Buildings
connected natural areas and other outdoor places that provide linear recreational opportunities
Open Space Systems
integrated systems safely serving pedestrians, bicycle
riders, public transit, and automobiles
Transportation networks
Example of Local sustainability efforts on integrated approaches to achieving multiple social, economic, and environmental goals
Ottawa’s (Canada) Official Plan (“A Vision for Ottawa”)
Natural and cultural resources that should be assessed at the community level (Arendt, 1999)
- Wetlands and wetland buffers
- Floodways and floodplains
- Groundwater resources and aquifer
recharge areas - Woodlands
- Moderate and steep slopes
- Significant wildlife habitats
- Historic, archaeological, and cultural
features - Productive farmland
- Scenic viewsheds from public roads
Opinions (from mayors, real estate developers, and others) about the quality of design in the built environment
- “Good design promotes public health, safety, and welfare.”
- “Good design attracts people to a city, and those people help pay
for essentials that help instill pride and satisfaction in what citizens get for their taxes.” - “Well-designed [real estate] products will succeed in tight markets where poorly designed products will not.”
Society ( Benefits of context-sensitive site planning and design)
Enhances pedestrian/bicyclist mobility and safety
Creates opportunities for active living
Promotes a sense of community
Creates attractive surroundings
Increases neighborhood safety
Improves access to public services
Minimizes negative impacts on surrounding properties
Protects cultural and historic resources
Economy( Benefits of context-sensitive site planning and design)
Attracts visitors, tourists, and investment
Increases property value
Creates marketable “experiences”
Speeds real estate sales and rentals in tight markets
Attracts high-skilled employees and employers
Reduces commuting times
Uses land efficiently
Environment ( Benefits of context-sensitive site planning and design)
Conserves energy
Protects biodiversity
Reduces air and water pollution
Protects ecosystem processes and reduces urban heat islands
May diminish visual quality and reduce native plant and wildlife biodiversity (Development of unsuitable sites)
On-site impacts
may include traffic congestion, flooding, or pollution of
local surface waters (Development of unsuitable sites)
Off-site impacts
A measure of the type and intensity of development that can
be supported without imposing detrimental effects on society, the economy, or the
environment
Site’s carrying capacity
- The capacity to graphically communicate design problems, relevant contextual information, and potential solutions.
- Is an essential skill in the planning and design professions.
- The ability to integrate ideas from different disciplines into a coherent whole and to communicate that information to others is also an important leadership skill. (Grander, 2006)
Visual Literacy