HOA 4 ( American Colonial Architecture) Flashcards
Use of clay roof tiles, adobe, concrete, stucco, gabled roof, round arch entrances, arcades, corridors, and mirador towers.
Colonial Revival Mission
Revival of using Greek and Roman orders as decorative motifs.
Neoclassicism
Consultation Architects in Bureau of Public Works
William Parsons
George Fenhagen
Ralph Harrington Doane.
■ Protected Baguio and the nearby gold mines and projected the American military presence in northern Luzon
■ Also served as a rest and recreation camp for officers and men.
Camp John Hay (Baguio)
■ Home of the Philippine Division
■ The main American ground unit in the Philippines.
Fort William McKinley (Manila)
What building Supervised by Ralph Harrington Doane, consulting architect.
Capitol of Pangasinan
Who is the architect of Philippine General Hospital in Manila
William Parsons
One of the most prestigious hotels in the world during American colonial, Architect William Parsons
Manila Hotel
▪ Also known as “pail system”.
▪ Way of introducing the concept of toilet among the dwellers of the bahay kubo.
▪ Public toilet sheds were also installed in congested nipa districts.
▪ A latrine system was also developed for remote areas.
Cubeta
■ Neighborhood concept
■ Nipa houses built on highly regulated blocks of subdivided lots.
■ Built-in system of surface drainage, public latrines, public bath houses and laundry, and public water hydrants, which are free of charge
The Sanitary Barrio
“The healthy housing alternative.”
Tsalet
It is Constructed of wood or ferroconcrete.
Tsalet
4 Formulaic Elements
▪ A civic core
▪ Wide radial avenues
▪ Landscaped promenades
▪ Visually arresting panorama
Proposed plans for the development of Manila and Baguio
Daniel Burnham
Set of mass-produced model schoolhouses.
Gabaldon Schoolhouses
It is scholarship launched by the government that allowed Filipino students to pursue university education in the United States.
Pensionado Program
First Generation of Filipino Architects
▪ Carlos Baretto
▪ Antonio Toledo
▪ Tomas Mapua
▪ Arcadio Arellano
▪ Tomas Arguelles
▪ Juan Arellano
▪ First Filipino architect with an academic degree from abroad; first pensionado.
▪ Became one of the pioneering staff of the Division of Architecture.
Carlos Baretto
■ Regarded as the master of the Neoclassic style.
Antonio Toledo
Works of Antonio Toledo
Manila City Hall
Department of Tourism Building
Leyte Capitol Building
■ First registered architect in the Philippines
■ Established the Mapua Institute of Technology in 1925, the first architectural school in the Philippines.
Tomas Mapua
Felix Rojas Y. Arroyo-maestro de obra (master in construction during the spanish colonialisation)
Tomas Mapua
Work of Tomas Mapua
De La Salle University, Main Building
■ First Filipino to be employed by the Americans as one of their architectural advisors.
■ Pioneered in the establishment of an architectural and surveying office in the country.
Arcadio Arellano
Works of Arcadio Arellano
Gota de Leche Building, Manila
Mausoleum of the Veterans of the Revolution, Manila
■ One of the major department stores of the period.
■ Advocated the enforcement of the Building Code of Manila
Tomas Arguelles
Works of Tomas Arguelles
Heacock’s Building
■ Promoted the shift to] protomodern (art deco and streamline modern) and nativist phase of Philippine architecture.
Juan Arellano
Works of Juan Arellano
Metropolitan Museum, Manila. Art Deco
National Museum (formerly the Legislative Building), Manila
Post Office Building, Manila
Benitez Hall (Education) and Malcolm Hall (Law), UP Diliman
Second Generation of Filipino Architect
▪ Andres Luna de San Pedro
▪ Pablo Antonio
▪ Fernando Ocampo
▪ Juan Nakpil
■ Introduced new architectural forms in the Philippines by incorporating modern and exotic design motifs through the grammar of art deco
Andres Luna de San Pedro
Works of Andres Luna de San Pedro
Regina Building, Manila
Crystal Arcade, Manila (Manila’s most modern building before WWII, Art Deco.)
■ National Artist for Architecture;
■ His buildings were characterized by clean lines, plain surfaces, and bold rectangular masses.
■ He also became president of the Philippine institute of architect
Pablo Antonio
Works of Pablo Antonio
FEU Main Building. Art Deco
Ideal Theater and Galaxy Theater
■ Designed with straightforward simplicity, synthesizing traditional designs with art-deco ornaments.
■ co-founded the UST School of Fi
Fernando Ocampo
Works of Fernando Ocampo
Manila Cathedral. Neo-Romanesque
UST Central Seminary Building
■ National Artist for Architecture.
■ Worked largely in the Art Deco style, combining stylized flora and angular forms.
Juan Nakpil
Works of Juan Nakpil
Gonzalez Hall, UP Diliman. Main Library
Quezon Hall, UP Diliman (Admin Building)
Quiapo Church, Manila (Reconstruction and addition of dome and belfry.)
■ Transition government;
■ Increasing population in Manila;
■ A new city was being contemplated to cushion the impending urban sprawl.
The Commonwealth
▪ Homesite project
▪ Aims to provide the workingmen and permanent employees with homes at reasonable cost.
▪ Will serve as model residential and community center.
Barrio Obrero
Third Generation of Filipino Architect
▪ Otilio Arellano
▪ Carlos Arguelles
▪ Cesar Concio
▪ Cresenciano de Castro
▪ Gabriel Formoso
▪ Leandro Locsin
▪ Alfredo Luz
▪ Felipe Mendoza
▪ Angel Nakpil
▪ Jose Zaragoza
▪ Francisco Fajardo
▪ Augusto Fernando
▪ Carlos Banaag
▪ Gines Rivera
▪ Antonio Heredia
▪ Mañosa Brothers (Jose, Francisco, and Manuel Jr.)
Works of Cesar Concio
Church of the Risen Lord, UP Diliman
Palma Hall (Arts and Sciences) and Melchor Hall (Engineering), UP Diliman
Works of ANGEL NAKPIL
National Press Club Building, Manila
Picache Building, Manila (Considered as the first skyscraper in the Philippines.)
Works of Alfredo Luz
Ramon Magsaysay Center, Manila
Works of Gabriel Formoso
Pacific Star Building, Makati City
Works of Carlos Arguelles
Philamlife Building, Manila
Capital cities, institutional buildings, and national monuments as symbols of national power.
State Architecture
Head of the Division of Architecture
Federico Ilustre
First institutional building na modern and ginamit
GSIS Building, Manila
Work of Federico Ilustre na may taas na 66meters ( age ni quezon nung namatay siya and may 3 angels represents luzon, visayas and mindanao)
Quezon Memorial Shrine, Quezon City (Art Deco.)
Work of Federico Ilustre na nademolished
Veterans Memorial Building, Manila
Work of Ruperto Gaite
Quezon City Assembly Hall, Quezon City
Works of Juan Nakpil
SSS Building, Quezon City
Commercial Bank and Trust Building and Rizal Theater
Cotabato Municipal Hall (Tausug house silhouette; naga tadjuk pasung gable finial.)
Work of Marcos de Guzman with Plateriform, saucer-shape motif.
Residence of Artemio Reyes.
Works of Mañosa Brothers
Residence of Ignacio Arroyo
Mutya ng Pasig Revolving Restaurant
Sulo Hotel
▪ A three-dimensional curved plate structure of reinforced concrete;
▪ Thin compared to its dimension and load-carrying
Thin Shell
Work of Cesar Concio
Church of the Risen Lord, UP Diliman.
National Artist for Architecture.
Leandro Locsin
Works of Leandro Locsin
Parish of the Holy Sacrifice, UP Diliman
Church of St. Andrew, Makati City
Designed by the Progressive Development Corporation owned by J. Amado Araneta; one of the largest coliseums and indoor facilities in Asia, also one of the largest clear span domes in the world
Araneta Coliseum, Cubao, Quezon City
▪ A roof structure in which strength and stiffness is derived from pleated or folded geometry.
▪ Formed by joining flat, thin slabs along their edges.
Folded Plate
Work of Victor Tiotuyco
UP International Center, UP Diliman
Worship spaces adapted the new and straightforward geometries. Sculptural acrobatics was achieved with the use of poured concrete (liquid stone).
Modern Churches
Work of Jose Ma. Zaragoza
Santo Domingo Church, Quezon City
Work of Carlos Arguelles
Cathedral of the Holy Child, Manila
Work of Carlos Santos Viola
Iglesia ni Cristo, Central. Quezon City.
Work of Felipe Mendoza
Manila Mormon Temple, Quezon City
The New Capitol City
R.A. No. 333 of July 17, 1948: Quezon City was inaugurated as the new capital city and the Capital City Planning Commission was created.
Constitution Hills, new site of the government center located on a high plateau.
Arellano-Frost Plan
First government housing agency; established model residential communities for the low income bracket.
People’s Homesite Corporation (PHC)
Constructed Heroes Hill, the residential units for military officials.
National Housing Corporation (NHC)
Developed by the Philippine American Life Insurance Company for moderate income families.
Philam Life Homes
Developer of exclusive suburban villages; aimed to transform Makati into the most modern community in the country.
Ayala y Compania
Intertwined with the incorporation of attributes of the region’s endemic and traditionally built environment.
Regional Tropicalism
Father of Philippine Landscape Architecture
IP Santos
Architects of San Miguel Corporation Building
Mañosa brothers and IP Santos
Work of Leandro Locsin andFirst and oldest mining company in the Philippines.)
Benguet Corporation Building
Work of Jorge Ramos
GSIS Building, Pasay Cit
Work of Felipe Mendoza
Development Academy of the Philippines, Pasig City.
Masonry that is perforated, pierced, or lattice-like;functioned mainly as diffusers of light and doubled as exterior decorative meshes.
Pierced Screens
Work of Roberto Novenario
Abelardo Hall (Music), UP Diliman
Or sun breakers; an architectural baffle device placed outside windows or projected over the entire surface of a building’s façade
Brise Soleil
Work of Pablo Antonio
Captain Luis Gonzaga Building, Rizal Avenue corner Carriedo
■ Initiated the successful use of brise soleil.
Julio Victor Rocha
Work of Julio Victor Rocha
Roque Roano Building, UST Manila
First building to rise along Ortigas Avenue and Work of Jose Zaragosa
Meralco Building
Manila Ordinance No. 4131 allowed maximum height of buildings to be increased from 30 to 45 meters.
Skyscrapers
Work of Luis Ma. Araneta and First to use vertical brise soleil as a decorative feature.
Araneta-Tuason Building, Manila.
Work of Cresenciano de Castro and Introduced the use of exposed aggregate finish.
Asian Development Bank Building, Manila.(Brutalist Design)
Work of Cesar Concio and First office building to surpass the old height restriction in the Makati CBD. Redeveloped in 2005 by the Japanese firm, Takenobu Mohri Architects and Associates.
Insular Life Building
A nostalgic attempt to recreate a style from the past. “Folk architecture” and the bahay kubo became architectural archetypes.
Neo Vernacular
