Introduction Flashcards
what is pathophysiology
the study of the underlying changes in body physiology (molecular, cellular, and organ systems) that result from disease or injury
What is disease?
An acute or chronic illness that one acquires or is born with that causes physiological dysfunction
what is illness?
a persons experience of a disease
a state where a person has feelings or pain or discomfort that does not have an identifiable reason
what is etiology?
the study of the cause of disease
ex, AIDs is caused by HIV
what is epidemiology?
the study of patterns of disease in large groups of people
What are the two terms included in epidemiology?
incidence and prevalence
what is incidence?
the number of new cases during a specific time (typically a year)
what is prevalence?
existing disease at any given time (total)
what is primary prevention?
-prevent disease from occurring
ex, education, physical activity, genetic testing, good hygiene, not smoking, vaccinations
what is secondary prevention?
Early detection of disease
ex, screening, pap smears, testicular exams
what is tertiary prevention?
Prevent deterioration/ complications
early aggressive treatment
disease is already present
rehab
risk factors can either be..
non-modifiable or modifiable
what are non modifiable risk factors and what are some examples?
def: can either directly cause (etiology) or increase our risk of disease
- ex, heredity, genetics, age (susceptibility of disease and cancer increases with ag) , sex, ethnicity (leukemia is higher in Caucasian people, high bp is more common in ethnic groups)
What are some examples of modifiable risk factors?
smoking, alcohol and drug use, level of activity/ immobility, body weight, diet/ nutrition, environment, social determinants of health, and stress
what is “intrinsic” cause?
within is as a whole organism, genetics, inflammatory system, nervous system
what is extrinsic cause?
outside of organism- ex, virus, infection
what is idiopathic cause?
unknown process
