Introduction

Question 1

In 1674, he gave an account for the rise of RBC.

Answer 1

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Question 2

He described platelets as “Petites Plaques” in 1800s.

Answer 2

Giulio Bizzozero

Question 3

In 1902, he developed the wright stain for visual blood examination.

Answer 3

James Homer Wright

Question 4

Anucleate biconcave cells appear pink to red and measures 6-8um with 1/3 zone of pallor filled with reddish protein(hgb).

Answer 4

RBC or Erythrocytes

Question 5

Loss of oxygen-carrying capacity and often reflected in reduced RBC count.

Answer 5

Anemia

Question 6

Increased RBC count reflecting increased body RBC mass, a condition that leads to hyperviscosity.

Answer 6

Polycythemia

Question 7

The first electronic counter, patented in 1953 by Joseph and Wallace Coulter of Chicago Illinois.

Answer 7

Coulter counters

Question 8

What is the Coulter counters principle?

Answer 8

Direct current electrical impedance

Question 9

In 1657, he described “worms” in the blood.

Answer 9

Athanasius kircher

Question 10

What are the Drabkin reagents?

Answer 10

1. Potassium cyanide

2. Potassium ferricyanide

Question 11

It’s the ratio of the volume of RBCs to the volume of whole blood.

Answer 11

Hematocrit or Packed cell volume

Question 12

A formulation of ionic surfactant(detergent) used to reduce environmental cyanide in some automated profiling instruments.

Answer 12

Sodium dodecyl sulfate

Question 13

4 RBC indices

Answer 13

1. MCV
2. MCH
3. MCHC
4. RDW - degree of variation in RBC volume

Question 14

Used to differentiate and count these young RBCs (Retics).

Answer 14

Methylene blue dyes or Nucleic acid stains or Vital stains

Question 15

Loosely related grouping of cell families dedicated to protecting their host from infection. “Hitch ride”

Answer 15

WBC or Leukocytes

Question 16

Are phagocytic cells whose sole purpose is to engulf and destroy bacteria.

Answer 16

PMNs or Segmented neutrophils or Segs

Question 17

Increase in segs(neutrophilia) signals what infection?

Answer 17

Bacterial infection

Question 18

Decreased in segs(neutropenia) is caused by?

Answer 18

Viral infection or Long-term drug administration

Question 19

Less mature segs customarily called “left shift”. It contains submicroscopic, pink staining granules cytolplasm. And signals Bacterial infection.

Answer 19

Band neutrophils

Question 20

Bright orange, regular cytoplasmic granules filled with antihistamine. Signals a response to allergy or Parasitic infection.

Answer 20

Eosinophils

Question 21

Dark purple, irregular cytoplasmic granules that obscure nucleus filled with histamine.

Answer 21

Basophil

Question 22

Segs, bands, eosinophils and basophils are collectively called as?

Answer 22

Granulocytes

Question 23

Provide for host immunity, recognize foreign antigens and cell mediated antagonistic responses.

Answer 23

Lymphocytes

Question 24

Nearly round, slightly larger than RBC, have round featureless nuclei often assoicated with Viral infections.

Answer 24

Lymphocytes

Question 25

An immature macrophage used to identify and phagocytose foreign particles. It has gray cytoplasm and lobulated nucleus.

Answer 25

Monocytes

Question 26

2-4um, round, anucleate and slightly granular.

Answer 26

Platelets or Thrombocytes

Question 27

A rare malignant condition characterized by extremely high platelet counts.

Answer 27

Essential thrombocythemia

Question 28

Stains employed to differentiate abnormal myeloid, erythroid, and lymphoid cells.

Answer 28

Cytochemical stains: 1. Myeloperoxidase 2. Sudan black B 3. Non-specific & specific esterase 4. PAS 5. TRAP 6. ALP

Question 29

Test to detect hereditary spherocytes

Answer 29

EOFT

Question 30

Reference method for hemoglobin assay.

Answer 30

Cyanmethemoglobin method