Introduction Flashcards

0
Q

What is the early work on genes is termed

A

Transmission genetics

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1
Q

Define molecular biology (2ways)

A

A hybrid discipline that combines elements of genetics and biochemistry

The study of the gene structure and function at the molecular level

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2
Q

What is transmission genetics?

A

Deals with the transmission of traits from organisms to their offspring

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3
Q

What eight topics is included in the study of molecular biology?

A

DNA structure and function

RNA structure and function

DNA replication

Transcription and translation mechanisms

Gene structure, function, and control of expression

Gene cloning

Genomics

Proteomics

Bioinformatics

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4
Q

What did Gregor Mendel conclude?

A

That inheritance was “particulate” meaning that each parent contributed genes to the offspring

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5
Q

What are genes?

A

Genetic units

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6
Q

Who were major contributed to transmission genetics and in what year?

A

Gregor Mendel in 1865

Thomas Hunt Morgan in 1910

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7
Q

What thought did Mendel disprove?

A

That inheritance was a “blending” of parental traits to the offspring

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8
Q

What did Mendel predict?

A

That gametes would contain only one allele of each gene instead of two

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9
Q

What was rediscovered by Morgan that provided evidence that Mendel was correct?

A

If chromosomes carry the genes, then chromosome number should be reduced by half in the gametes

This is true!

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10
Q

What is the chromosome theory of inheritance?

A

The idea that chromosomes carry genes

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11
Q

What did Morgan demonstrate?

A

That eye color in fruit-flies was sex-linked

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12
Q

What does sex-linked mean?

A

Eye-color was transmitted along with the sex of the offspring

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13
Q

What is a locus and where?

A

The place where the gene is located on the chromosome

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