Introduction Flashcards
The question of ethics and philosophy
Where do moral facts come from?
Where do moral facts come from?
Those like Thomas Jefferson would say that we have rights granted to us by our creator. If we allowed our government to give us rights, they can take them away. As so, if the government does not fulfill their duty to give its citizens rights, we should be able to reject our government. This is because government and its people have a contract in place. See Contractarianism
3 Aims of Philosophy:
Raise fundamental questions
2.
Critical analysis
3.
Synthetic world viewing
Metaphysics
questions of what is out there
Epistemology
questions knowledge
Logic
questions what is the correct reasoning
Axiology
questions aesthetics/ethics
The Hard Problem of Philosophy
Consciousness
Ethics
studies morality or right and wrong behavior
Philosophy
the systematic exploration of life’s big questions using critical thinking and logical argument
Morality:
a reason-driven moral reasoning: critical thinking applied to the moral sphere
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-must be supported by good reason
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-must be rid of emotion
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-Morality is normative and provides us with standards in the form of moral judgments, principles, rules, or theories
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-moral norms have strong hols and impartiality
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-moral and nonmoral norms have universality
Norms of obligation:
what we are obligated to do- normally applied to actions
Norms of value:
the moral worth of persons, characteristics, and motives
“Right”
can mean permissible, or obligatory; not wrong to perform or wrong not to perform
“Wrong”
can mean prohibited; wrong to perform
