Introduction

Question 1

function of neuropile

Answer 1

synaptic transmissions occur here

Question 2

commissure function

Answer 2

lateral neuronal processing

Question 3

In the escape response in a cockroach, what is the giant interneuron used for?

Answer 3

large diameter –> fast AP transmission –> designed for life/death situation

Question 4

does white matter increase up or down the spinal cord?

Answer 4

increases up the spinal cord

Question 5

Which level of the spinal cord has the most white matter? the least?

Answer 5

• cervical = most white matter
• coccygeal = least white matter

Question 6

Which level of the spinal cord receives parasympathetic nerves?

Answer 6

saccral

Question 7

What are the 2 parts of of the peripheral nervous system? Which one is the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 7

• somatic
• visceral (autonomic)

Question 8

what are the main controlling centers of the visceral motor system?

Answer 8

• hypothalamus
• brainstem tegmentum
  (descending pathways to preganglionic neurons in the brainstem and the spinal cord)

Question 9

Which levels of the spinal cord does the sympathetic nervous system innervate?

Answer 9

T1-L3

Question 10

Where are sympathetic ganglia located?

Answer 10

close to spinal cord in sympathetic chain

Question 11

Which neurotransmitter is released by preganglionic sympathetic neurons?

Answer 11

ACh

Question 12

Which neurotransmitter is released by postganglionic sympathetic neurons?

Answer 12

Norepinephrine

Question 13

From where do parasympathetic ganglia receive info from?

Answer 13

• CN III, VII, IX, X (brainstem)
• S2-S4

Question 14

Which neurotransmitter is released by preganglionic parasympathetic neurons?

Answer 14

ACh

Question 15

Which neurotransmitter is released by postganglionic parasympathetic neurons?

Answer 15

ACh

Question 16

How much of the brain is allocortex? neocortex?

Answer 16

• neocortex = 90% of the brain
• allocortex = 10% of the brain

Question 17

Which parts of the brain make up the allocortex?

Answer 17

• olfactory bulb
• hippocampus

Question 18

List the adult structures of the hindbrain.

Answer 18

• pons
• cerebellum
• medulla

Question 19

adult structures of the midbrain

Answer 19

tectum

Question 20

adult structures of the forebrain

Answer 20

• cerebrum
• thalamus
• hypothalamus

Question 21

What are the lobes of the brain named after?

Answer 21

the bones that they lie under

Question 22

TRUE or FALSE: the neocortex is only found in mammals

Answer 22

TRUE

Question 23

In the cytoarchitectural map of the neocortex, which zones are somatosensory? primary motor cortex? visual cortex?

Answer 23

• somatosensory = 1, 2, 3
• primary motor cortex = 4
• visual cortex = 17

Question 24

TRUE or FALSE: glial cells cannot communicate, unlike neurons.

Answer 24

FALSE: both glial cells and neurons are involved in communication

Question 25

what is the region of the brain responsible for the following role:

Part of the forebrain that has expanded the most over the course of evolution, Receives sensory info, form perceptions of the outside world and command voluntary movement

Answer 25

cerebral cortex

Question 26

What is the region of the brain responsible for the following role:

located in the occipital lobe, higher order processing of vision

Answer 26

visual cortex

Question 27

What is the region of the brain responsible for the following role:

located in the parietal lobe. receives and processes somatic sensory info.

Answer 27

somatosensory cortex

Question 28

What is the region of the brain responsible for the role:

located in the frontal love. processes and controls/initiates movement

Answer 28

motor cortex

Question 29

What is the brain region responsible for the role:

part of the cortex involved in learning and memory

Answer 29

hippocampus

Question 30

What is the brain region responsible for the role:

gateway to the cortex. sensory paths serving vision, hearing, and somatic sensation synapses onto neurons here en route to the cortex.

Answer 30

thalamus

Question 31

What is the brain region responsible for the role:

Performs many primitive functions. Controls the ANS, connects to the pituitary gland and controls neurohormone release.

Answer 31

hypothalamus

Question 32

What is the brain region responsible for the role:

primarily a conduit for info passing from the SC to the brain. COntains neurons that contribute to sensory systems and the control of movement.

Answer 32

midbrain

Question 33

What is the brain region responsible for the role:

part of an info loop involved in movement. Receives info from the cortex, sends it to that thalamus, then to the cortex

Answer 33

basal ganglia

Question 34

What is the brain region responsible for the role:

Releases neurohomrones into the blood. Receives info from the hypothalamus.

Answer 34

pituitary

Question 35

What is the brain region responsible for the role:

relay center. switchboard connecting cerevral cortex to cerebellum

Answer 35

pons

Question 36

What is the brain region responsible for the role:

Site for decussation of axons that travel from the cerebral cortex to the SC. Also contains neurons involved in sensory and motor functions.

Answer 36

medulla

Question 37

What is the brain region responsible for the role:

receives info with respect to body position and goals of intended movement. coordinates movement.

Answer 37

cerebellum

Question 38

TRUE or FALSE: Schwann cells furnish multiple neurons whereas oligodendrocytes furnish only one neuron.

Answer 38

FALSE: Schwann cells furnish ONE neuron, oligodendrocytes furnish multiple neurons