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Serology > Intro to Viruses > Flashcards

Intro to Viruses Flashcards

1
Q

Size of a virus v.s. a bacteria

A

viruses are smaller than the smallest bacteria

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2
Q

Viruses (can or cannot) be seen with a light microscope

A

cannot

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3
Q

What type of nucleic acid do viruses have?

A

either DNA or RNA, not both

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4
Q

protein coating of a virus is called _____?

A

capsid

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5
Q

a capsid is composed of identical protein subunits called _______?

A

capsomeres

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6
Q

some viruses have a lipid/protein membranous outer coating called _______?

A

an envelope

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7
Q

glycoprotein spikes or projection that protrude from the envelope are called _____?

A

peplomers

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8
Q

Viruses without envelopes are celled _______

A

“naked”

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9
Q

What are the two configurations a capsid can have?

A

icosahedral (cubic) and helical

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10
Q

*

A

nucleocapsid

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11
Q

*

A

viron

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12
Q

Viral replication occurs only within a ______ ______

A

living cell

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13
Q

6 steps of viral replication

A
  1. Attachment
  2. Penetration
  3. Eclipse
  4. Replication
  5. Maturation
  6. Release
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14
Q

What happens in attachment stage of viral replication?

A

virus binds to receptors on cell surface

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15
Q

What happens in penetration stage of viral replication?

A

virus enters cell (by engulfment, though fusion of cell membrane and viral envelope, or by direct passage)

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16
Q

What happens in eclipse stage of viral replication?

A

Nucleic acid is freed from capsid. Intact viron is not detectable.
The protein coding of the nucleic acid is often inserted into the cell membrane

17
Q

What happens in replication stage of viral replication?

A

Host cell manufactures viral nucleic acids and capsid proteins (at separate locations within infected cells)

18
Q

What happens in maturation stage of viral replication?

A

New nucleocapsid or virons are assembled

19
Q

What happens in release stage of viral replication?

A

New nucleocapsids or virons are released from the host cell (budding or cell lysis)

20
Q

What are protein substances produced by virus-infected cells that act on infected and surrounding cells to interfere with viral replication.

A

Interferon

21
Q

Do interferons act on cell or viruses

A

on cells NOT viruses

22
Q

Interferons are most effective on host cells from same ________

A

species

23
Q

Why are antibiotics not effective against viruses?

A

viruses do not have target components

24
Q

How can viruses be classified?

A
  • nucleic acid type
  • virus size, configuration, and composition
  • serological cross-reactivity of group antigens `

Serology (17 decks)

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