Intro to Viro - Ghosh Flashcards
Define virology
the study of viruses and viral diseases
Define a virologist
someone who studies viruses
Why is the study of veterinary virology IMPT?
- Viro causes high rate of mortality and morbidity
- Financial losses
- Zoonosis
Define the characteristics of a virus
- NON-LIVING entity
- Contains nucleic acid genome (DNA or RNA) surrounded by protein coat
- No organelles
- Cant make energy or proteins by themselves
- Obligate intracellular parasites
- Cant multiply by division
What is a virion?
COMPLETE virus particle that is the EXTRACELLULAR infective form of a virus
What is a virus?
Includes the infectious (virion) or inactivated virus particle or viral nucleic acid and protein in the infected cell
What is a viroid?
infectious particle smaller than any known virus
an agent of plant diseases
consists of small singular circular RNA
LACKS PROTEIN COAT/CAPSID
What is variolation/ inoculation?
1st method used to immunize ppl against small pox to provide mild but protective infection
Explain what the outcome of the Chamberland filter was
a filter with pores smaller than bacteria helped to detect viruses
What was the first animal virus discovered using a similar filter to the chamberland filter?
Foot and mouth disease
Yellow fever was spread through ___________
Mosquitos
What was the first tumor causing animal virus that was inoculated?
Rous sarcoma virus discovered by Peyton Rous
Who discovered that propagating fowlpoxvirus in embryonated hens eggs could be used to cultivate viruses in the lab?
Woodruff, Goodpasture, Burnet
Who invented vaccination by inoculating cowpox matter into a healthy young boy who as a result gained immunity to small pox?
EDWARD JENNER
What did Louis Pasteur do?
Injected dried, potassium hydroxide treated, infected rabbit brain material into 2 boys that had been bitten by a rabid dog - both of them recovered
What filter pioneered the discovery of viruses? What experiment was it used in and by who?
Chamberland filter - used in the tobacco mosaic virus experiment by Dmitri Ivanovski
Who passed the first animal virus through the chamberland filter and discovered the cause of foot and mouth disease?
Friedrich Loeffler and Paul Frosch
Who discovered that yellow fever is transmitted through mosquitos?
Walter Reed
Who discovered oncogenic viruses by isolating the first tumor-causing animal virus?
Peyton Rous
Who invented the electron microscope?
Ernst Ruska and Max Knoll
What was the first virus to be successfully propagated in embryonated hen’s egg?
Fowlpoxvirus
What is the only animal disease declared globally eradicated?
Rinderpest
