Intro to Viro - Ghosh

Question 1

Define virology

Answer 1

the study of viruses and viral diseases

Question 2

Define a virologist

Answer 2

someone who studies viruses

Question 3

Why is the study of veterinary virology IMPT?

Answer 3

1. Viro causes high rate of mortality and morbidity
2. Financial losses
3. Zoonosis

Question 4

Define the characteristics of a virus

Answer 4

1. NON-LIVING entity
2. Contains nucleic acid genome (DNA or RNA) surrounded by protein coat
3. No organelles
4. Cant make energy or proteins by themselves
5. Obligate intracellular parasites
6. Cant multiply by division

Question 5

What is a virion?

Answer 5

COMPLETE virus particle that is the EXTRACELLULAR infective form of a virus

Question 6

What is a virus?

Answer 6

Includes the infectious (virion) or inactivated virus particle or viral nucleic acid and protein in the infected cell

Question 7

What is a viroid?

Answer 7

infectious particle smaller than any known virus

an agent of plant diseases

consists of small singular circular RNA

LACKS PROTEIN COAT/CAPSID

Question 8

What is variolation/ inoculation?

Answer 8

1st method used to immunize ppl against small pox to provide mild but protective infection

Question 9

Explain what the outcome of the Chamberland filter was

Answer 9

a filter with pores smaller than bacteria helped to detect viruses

Question 10

What was the first animal virus discovered using a similar filter to the chamberland filter?

Answer 10

Foot and mouth disease

Question 11

Yellow fever was spread through ___________

Answer 11

Mosquitos

Question 12

What was the first tumor causing animal virus that was inoculated?

Answer 12

Rous sarcoma virus discovered by Peyton Rous

Question 13

Who discovered that propagating fowlpoxvirus in embryonated hens eggs could be used to cultivate viruses in the lab?

Answer 13

Woodruff, Goodpasture, Burnet

Question 14

Who invented vaccination by inoculating cowpox matter into a healthy young boy who as a result gained immunity to small pox?

Answer 14

EDWARD JENNER

Question 15

What did Louis Pasteur do?

Answer 15

Injected dried, potassium hydroxide treated, infected rabbit brain material into 2 boys that had been bitten by a rabid dog - both of them recovered

Question 16

What filter pioneered the discovery of viruses? What experiment was it used in and by who?

Answer 16

Chamberland filter - used in the tobacco mosaic virus experiment by Dmitri Ivanovski

Question 17

Who passed the first animal virus through the chamberland filter and discovered the cause of foot and mouth disease?

Answer 17

Friedrich Loeffler and Paul Frosch

Question 18

Who discovered that yellow fever is transmitted through mosquitos?

Answer 18

Walter Reed

Question 19

Who discovered oncogenic viruses by isolating the first tumor-causing animal virus?

Answer 19

Peyton Rous

Question 20

Who invented the electron microscope?

Answer 20

Ernst Ruska and Max Knoll

Question 21

What was the first virus to be successfully propagated in embryonated hen’s egg?

Answer 21

Fowlpoxvirus

Question 22

What is the only animal disease declared globally eradicated?

Answer 22

Rinderpest