Intro to tissues

Question 1

List the four tissue types.

Answer 1

Epithelium, muscle, nervous, connective

Question 2

What is the general function of:

a) Epithelium
b) muscle
c) nervous
d) connective

Answer 2

a) covers body surfaces, lines cavities, forms glands
b) underlies or supports other 3 tissue types structurally and functionally
c) movement
d) receive, transmit, and integrate information from outside body to control activities inside the body

Question 3

Epithelium:

a) Forms a ___ between the internal and external environments
b) How does it get its nutrients?
c) What 3 things does the epithelium do for the body?
d) What are some examples of how the epithelium facilitates transport?
e) What are some examples of the epithelium’s sensory function?

Answer 3

a) Selective barrier
b) All epithelium is avascular so it receives nutrients from the layer of connective tissue that it sits on top of
c) Barrier, transport, sensory
d) cilia, gas exchange, absorption, secretion
e) Tastebuds, hair cells in inner hear, olfactory cells

Question 4

What sub-categories of tissue encompass connective tissue?

Answer 4

Cartilage
Bone
Fibrous (ex: collagen)
Adipose
Hematopoetic
Lymphatic

Question 5

What two sub-categories of tissue encompass nervous tissue?

Answer 5

Neurons

Glia

Question 6

What are glia?

Answer 6

Cells that support neurons through body

Question 7

What 3 glial cells are active in the central nervous system?

Answer 7

Astrocyte - support and health of neurons
Oligodendrocyte - produce myelin
Microglia - macrophages

Question 8

What 2 glial cells are active in the peripheral nervous system?

Answer 8

Schwann cell - produces myelin

Satellite cell - surround ganglion

Question 9

Describe the classification scheme of epithelial tissue.

Answer 9

Epithelium is characterized based off the arrangement of cells (simple, stratified, pseudo stratified, transitional), the shape of the cells (squamous, cuboidal, columnar), and the apical surface (i.e. cilia, keratinized, etc.)

Question 10

What is an important electrical characteristic of epithelial cells?

Answer 10

They are polarized - maintain membrane potential which allows for flow of ions in/out of cell

Question 11

What is the difference between smooth and striated muscle?

Answer 11

The appearance is of course different (striated has clear banding pattern) but striated tends to be voluntary muscle control and smooth is involuntary.

Question 12

What are the sub-categories of striated muscle?

Answer 12

Skeletal
Cardiac
Visceral (ex: tongue)