Intro to the Skull Picture Cards for HFF

Question 1

Name the bones, holes, and the things that go through the holes.

Answer 1

1. Frontal bone
2. Nasal bones
3. Supraorbital foramen - supraorbital nerve (from V1) goes through it
4. Infraorbital foramen - infraorbital nerve (from V2) goes through it
5. Zygomatic bone
6. Maxillae bone
7. Mental foramen - mental nerve (from V3) goes through it

Question 2

Name deez bones.

Answer 2

1. Frontal bone
2. Parietal bone
3. Occipital bone
4. Temporal bone
5. Mastoid process
6. Styloid process
7. Zygomatic bone
8. Greater wing of the sphenoid bone
9. Maxilla
10. Nasal bone
11. Lacrimal bone

Question 3

What is this spot called? What is its clinical significance? What are those grooves?

Answer 3

The pterion is a thin spot of the skull that can fracture and rupture the middle meningeal artery or branches, which run in the grooves seen on the right.

Question 4

Its an infant’s skull

Answer 4

1. Anterior fontanelle
2. Coronal suture
3. Sphenoidal fontanelle
4. Squamous suture
5. Occipital suture
6. Mastoid fontanelle

Question 5

Answer 5

1. Anterior fontanelle
2. Metopic suture
3. Posterior fontanelle
4. Coronal suture
5. Bregma
6. Saggital suture
7. Lambda
8. Lambdoid suture

Question 6

Name the two ridges and the two spaces.

Answer 6

1. Superior temporal line
2. Inferior temporal line
3. Temporal fossa
4. Infratemporal fossa

Question 7

Name these two thingys. What lives inside #1?

Answer 7

1. Pterygopalatine fossa - the pterygopalatine ganglion is in it.
2. Pterygomaxillary fissure

Question 8

Also name the hole that #2 comes out of.

Answer 8

1. Auriculotemporal nerve
2. Trunk of mandibular nerve (V3) coming out of the foramen ovale
3. Deep temporal nerves
4. Inferior alveolar nerve
5. Chorda tympani nerve
6. Long buccal nerve
7. Lingual nerve
8. Mental nerve

Question 9

For #3, name what goes through those holes. For #7, state what is contained inferior to it.

Answer 9

1. Body of the sphenoid bone
2. Cribiform plate
3. Olfactory nerves (CN I) go through the cribiform plate holes
4. Anterior fossa
5. Middle fossa
6. Posterior fossa
7. Petrous part of the temporal bone (a ridge) - inner and middle ear are underneath it.
8. Temporal bone (squamous part)
9. Greater wing of the sphenoid bone
10. Lesser wing of the sphenoid bone
11. Foramen magnum

Question 10

For #1 and 4, name the holes and what goes through them.

Answer 10

1. Superior orbital fissure - CN III, IV, VI, V1 (opthalmic) go through it.
2. Lesser wing
3. Greater wing
4. Foramen rotundum - V2 goes through
5. Pterygoid process
6. Medial pterygoid plate
7. Lateral pterygoid plate

Question 11

Answer 11

1. Trigeminal (CN V) ganglion
2. Maxillary nerve (V2)
3. Ophthalmic nerve (V1)
4. Superior orbital fissure
5. Supraorbital and supratrochlear nerves
6. Infraorbital nerve
7. Maxillary sinus
8. Superior alveolar nerves
9. Foramen rotundum
10. Pterygopalatine fossa with pterygopalatine ganglia
11. Mandibular nerve (V3)

Question 12

Name the openings + what goes through, bones, and stuff.

Answer 12

1. Maxillary bone
2. Pterygoid process (lateral + medial pterygoid plates)
3. Sphenoid bone
4. Petrotympanic fissure - exit for chorda tympani
5. Carotid canal - opening for internal carotid artery
6. Jugular foramen - for IJV, CNs IX, X, XI
7. Stylomastoid foramen - opening for the trunk of facial nerve
8. Foramen spinosum - for middle meningeal artery
9. Foramen ovale - for V3
10. Palatine (horizontal plate)

Question 13

Figure this mess out.

Answer 13

1. Cribiform plate - CN 1 olfactory nerves go through the holes
2. Superior orbital fissure - CN III, IV, VI, V1
3. Foramen lacerum - nothing goes through it!
4. Internal acoustic meatus - CN VII, VIII
5. Hypoglossal canal - CN XII
6. Jugular foramen - CN IX, X, XI, IJV
7. Foramen spinosum - middle meningeal artery
8. Foramen ovale - CN V3
9. Foramen rotundum - CN V2
10. Cavernous sinuses
11. Optic canal - CN II
12. Sella turcica for the pituitary
13. Anterior clinoid processes

Question 14

Also state which one is the only one that drains into the inferior meatus.

Answer 14

1. Maxillary sinus
2. Frontal sinus
3. Ethmoid air cells
4. Nasolacrimal duct - drains to inferior meatus
5. Sphenoid meatus

Question 15

Please name the sinuses.

Answer 15

1. Frontal sinuses
2. Ethmoidal sinuses
3. Sphenoid sinuses

Question 16

Which sinuses are these? How can you tell?

Answer 16

Maxillary. You can tell cuz the section is kinda low.

Question 17

Name the two sinuses on the drawing. What is going on in the CT scan?

Answer 17

1. Ethmoid air cells
2. Maxillary sinus

The CT shows fluid accumulation in the maxillary sinus, especially the right - sinusitis.

Question 18

What nerve is that?

Answer 18

Trigeminal ganglion with V1, V2, V3

Question 19

Which cranial nerves are susceptible to damage if the cavernous sinus becomes infected?

Which cranial nerve responsible for lateral eye movement can be affected in the case of an internal carotid artery aneurysm?

Answer 19

Cranial nerves CN III, IV, VI, V1, V2 pass through cavernous sinus and can be affected by an infection.

Canial nerve 6 can be affected by an ICA aneurysm –> affecting lateral movement of the eye.

Question 20

Answer 20

1. Middle meningeal artery
2. Maxillary artery

Question 21

Which arteries supply the dura?

Answer 21

1. Ethmoidal branches
2. Middle meningeal artery
3. Meningeal branches of occipital artery
4. Meningeal branches of ascending pharyngeal artery

Question 22

Answer 22

1. Parietal bone
2. Superior temporal line
3. Temporal bone
4. Zygomatic process of the temporal bone
5. Temporal process of the zygomatic bone
6. Zygomatic bone
7. Frontal process of the zygomatic bone
8. Greater wing of the sphenoid bone
9. Frontal bone

Question 23

Also name what goes into #2 and what comes out of #8.

Answer 23

1. Coronoid process
2. Mandibular foramen (inferior alveolar nerve - branch of V3 - goes through it)
3. Condylar head
4. Neck
5. Ramus
6. Angle
7. Body
8. Mental foramen (mental nerve comes out of it)
9. Mental process
10. Groove for nerve to mylohyoid
11. Lingula

Question 24

Answer 24

1. Mylohyoid line
2. Mandibular notch